Baltic Journal of Economic Studies

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF THE SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOUR IN POLAND

Michał Comporek — 2024-04-05

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic turbulence on the extent and intensity of earnings management practices according to the opinions of representatives of non-financial companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE). Methodology. This study is based on the method of standardised computer-assisted questionnaire interviews (CATI). The research sample consisted of 37.1% of all companies indexed on the WSE Main Market that do not operate in the banking, insurance or capital market services sectors. The target respondents were managers, employees of financial and accounting services and other persons authorised by the company's managerial staff representatives. Results. The survey findings showed that the economic turbulence caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic contributed to an increase in earnings management activities in public companies. Respondents who reported that the companies they represented deliberately manipulated earnings were much more confident about the negative impact of the pandemic crisis on the quality of reported data. An interesting finding of the research is that respondents who had experienced earnings management in their professional practice were more likely to believe that the pandemic had distorted the credibility of reported earnings. Finally, the study provided statistical evidence that respondents from larger companies were more likely than respondents from smaller companies to say that the economic crisis related to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic contributed to an increase in earnings management activities. Practical implications. This investigation may draw the attention of market participants to the deterioration in the financial reporting of non-financial public companies during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The intensification of profit manipulation may not only distort the current perception of the company's economic performance, but also deteriorate the future value of companies. In addition, the findings provide valuable information for statutory auditors, as they highlight potential audit risks that may arise with the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Value/originality. Unlike most studies on the subject, this research does not focus on the estimated values of discretionary accruals, but on the knowledge and experience of financial professionals who are familiar with the specifics of the Polish capital market. An original contribution to the literature is the inclusion in the study of potential factors that could influence the respondents' perception of the impact of the consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 turbulence on the pattern and intensity of the earnings management phenomenon.

INTERACTION BETWEEN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND THE POLICE IN ENSURING THE VITAL FUNCTIONS OF THE REGION AND CREATING A SECURE ENVIRONMENT UNDER MARTIAL LAW: LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

Andriy Basko — 2024-04-05

The article applies a scientific and methodological approach to the analysis of the regulatory framework, forms of interaction between local self-government bodies and the police in the area of ensuring the vital functions of the region and creating a safe environment under martial law, as well as the state of their economic support, and as a result, suggested areas for their improvement. The purpose of the study is to clarify the legal, economic and organisational bases of interaction between local self-government bodies and the police in the area of ensuring the vital activity of the region and creating a safe environment under martial law. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method, the application of which allowed to comprehensively reveal the nature of forms and methods of interaction between local self-government bodies and the police. Results. The study has shown that the key areas for improving cooperation between local governments and the police in areas close to military operations are as follows: creation of voluntary public order units that, together with the police, can be used by citizens to protect public order in streets, parks, squares and adjacent areas in the evening; establishment of police cooperation with the security services of strategic enterprises (energy and life support facilities) to identify persons who control the aggressor's weapons and energy and life support facilities from among the employees of these enterprises; monitoring the state of lighting of road infrastructure facilities and contacting the relevant local authorities to install additional lighting at night; surveillance of public places and other objects of citizens' life that are not under the supervision of police video observation systems; involvement of additional law enforcement forces in patrolling public places (including officers and cadets of departmental institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and other agencies) who have the appropriate skills and permits for such activities; development of an effective system of local financial distribution, taking into account the balance between ensuring the economic development of the region by creating appropriate conditions for business, sufficient social security, education and health care, and creating a system of defence capability and ensuring a safe environment for citizens.

RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS PRACTICE BY INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS AS THE BASIC MEANS OF PREVENTING VIOLATIONS OF PUBLIC INTEREST OF CITIZEN INVESTORS

Volodymyr Vazhynskyi — 2024-04-05

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of "responsible business conduct" from the point of view of public interest. It is noted that responsible corporate governance has its origins in the concept of "corporate social responsibility", which became widespread in the 1970s in the US and the UK as a result of increased public and consumer attention to the overall image of companies. At the international level, many documents have been adopted to regulate corporate social responsibility. However, not enough has been done in Ukraine to introduce this category into economic activity. The purpose of the research is to analyse the legal grounds and theoretical approaches to the formation of the concept of "responsible business conduct" and to present the author's approach to the essence of the concept of "responsible business conduct of institutional investors" from the point of view of the protection of the public interest. According to the purpose of the article, several scientific methods of modern epistemology were used in the scientific research. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of legal cognition developed by prominent experts in the field of investment law. In addition, special research methods were used, in particular: comparative – to compare the rules of international and national law; historical and legal – for retrospective analysis of the concept of social responsibility; special legal – for in-depth analysis of the regulations governing the procedure of investment; systematic approach and logical-legal method – to analyse the impact of some factors on the investment activity of individuals and some elements of the formation of logical and specific theoretical and applied conclusions. In conclusion, the authors define responsible business as a set of generally accepted norms, rules and principles that are voluntarily implemented by companies in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development of society; they are not part of the national legislation of Ukraine, but their observance indicates a certain business reputation of the business entity. For institutional investors, responsible corporate governance includes two main groups of activities of an institutional investor: "responsible attraction" of funds and "responsible investment" of funds of individual investors. The authors proposed to divide the responsible business conduct of an institutional investor to manifest its social responsibility into "responsible attraction" of funds and "responsible investment" of funds.

CONVERGENCE IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMICS AND LAW: CORRELATION OF PROCESSES

Serhii Vitvickii — 2024-04-05

The activities of the modern state are carried out taking into account the trends inherent in the global community. One of the driving forces behind these trends is the strengthening of economic integration due to the increasing role of finance in the world economy, the effects of globalisation, liberalisation, concentration and centralisation of financial capital, which have shaped the new shape of the modern economic system. The integration of the world economy requires the integration of law in accordance with generally recognised norms and principles at the international level. The international character of law is an external circumstance that determines the facts of legal regulation of the convergence of states and peoples, their economies, cultures and ideologies. Convergence leads to the convergence of different legal systems and economic models. These circumstances indicate the existence of a global phenomenon that can be described as the process of economic and legal convergence. The subject of the study is the patterns of convergence in the field of economics and law. The authors aim to study the genesis of the convergence theory, identify the main trends and prospects for the development of convergence in the current environment, and explain the patterns of convergence in the field of economics and law in the context of globalisation. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of economic and legal convergence, the theory of state regulation of the economy, the theory of socio-economic systems and economic growth developed in the works of domestic and foreign economists, lawyers and philosophers. The study of basic economic and legal institutions is carried out on the basis of the dialectical method, general scientific methods of abstraction, analysis, synthesis and systematic approach. The research of certain issues was carried out using special methods: historical, comparative, interpretation of law, logical and legal, as well as methods of specific economic research, etc. The authors analyse certain issues of economic and legal convergence in terms of their historical formation, relevance, efficiency and prospects for application. Results. Convergence in the field of economics and law is a process of interaction of relevant elements both within national systems and economic and legal systems of different states, characterised by convergence, an increase in the number of links between the elements of converging objects and a certain degree of consistency of the impact of these elements on social relations. On the basis of the study, the authors believe that the use of convergence processes in the field of economics and law at the global level should be carried out only in a harmonious manner, creating common balanced results based on a unifying model of coherent cooperation of the subjects of these processes.

ANALYSIS OF MODERN TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE LOGISTICS CHANNELS OF ENERGY PRODUCTS PRODUCERS

Olexander Generalov — 2024-04-05

The purpose of the article is to highlight the crucial role of logistics in ensuring efficient, sustainable and reliable energy distribution, especially in the face of challenges posed by global events such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing energy crisis. The dynamics of logistics channels in the energy sector are undergoing significant transformation due to technological innovations, geopolitical developments, environmental considerations and changes in energy sources. This study examines the current trends and opportunities in the logistics channels of energy producers, with a particular focus on how these elements are affecting the logistics landscape of the energy market. Methodology. The methodological approach combines a comprehensive review of current literature, analysis of industry reports and case studies to assess the evolution of logistics practices in the energy sector. According to the study, the logistics framework of the energy sector is changing as a result of a strong push for sustainability and technological advancement, which is driving the need for creative logistics solutions. Efforts to promote environmental sustainability are driving green logistics, and digitalisation is increasing operational efficiency across the supply chain. Results. The article emphasises the importance of sustainable and diversified clean energy supply chains, and stresses the need for strategic international cooperation to overcome the complexities of the current global energy landscape. The practical implications of this study suggest that stakeholders in the energy sector, including policy makers, businesses and researchers, need to adapt to these new trends to promote a more sustainable, efficient and responsive logistics infrastructure. The value/originality of this research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the factors driving changes in energy product logistics, offering insights into the strategic directions for the development of sustainable energy supply chains in the face of ever-changing global challenges.

DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS

Olena Gudz — 2024-04-05

The article is aimed at reviewing and clarifying the theoretical and methodological aspects of forming the concept of "innovation potential of enterprise". To assess the state of development of the innovative potential of Ukrainian enterprises in the context of digital transformation. To substantiate the feasibility of using a digital transformation strategy to achieve the set goals in the current competitive environment. The level of development of the innovation potential of Ukrainian enterprises was measured over a number of years (2010-2021). Methodology. The article uses economic and abstract and logical research methods in combination with methods of analysis, synthesis and graphical representation. This made it possible to assess the level of development of the innovative potential of Ukrainian enterprises according to the main international rating and macroeconomic indicators. Results. The results of the assessment of the development of Ukraine's innovation potential revealed that the cost of implementing innovative developments in the country's GDP is decreasing every year. It was found that Ukrainian enterprises are slowly diversifying their production towards knowledge-intensive goods and services. This slow state of innovation is reflected in global indices, where Ukraine ranks among lower-middle-income countries. The main reason for this situation is the limited state policy in the field of innovation. It is established that at the state level, the development of innovation potential in the context of digital transformations is formed within the framework of scientific research and high-tech start-ups. Practical implications. In order to increase the innovation activity of enterprises and grow their innovation potential, it is advisable to change the values and guidelines of strategic management. In these conditions, the digital transformation strategy, which is considered as part of the overall communication strategy of the enterprise, becomes relevant for application. In the course of implementing the digital transformation strategy, effective communication interaction between the enterprise and its customers is ensured, and a qualitatively new model of communication processes management is formed and applied, taking into account digital technologies. Value/originality. Research on the development of innovation potential in Ukraine proves the need to use a digital transformation strategy as an effective modern tool for managing an enterprise in the context of digital transformation.

INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Uliana Huzar — 2024-04-05

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of institutional aspects on the transformation of the hospitality industry in Ukraine. The object of the study is the transformation processes of the hospitality industry, which took place under the influence of institutional factors. The paper analyses a number of scientific works by foreign and domestic scholars on understanding the concepts of "institution", "institute", "institutional environment" and its importance in the development of the hospitality industry in general. Methodology. The aim of the study is to analyse the impact of institutional factors on the transformational processes of development of the hospitality industry in Ukraine at the present stage. It is proposed to consider the institutional environment as a set of formal and informal institutions that at different levels have different impacts on the formation of the institutional system of society. The comparative characteristics of formal and informal institutions were compiled in order to clearly distinguish their differences and apply them correctly in building an effective institutional policy for the hospitality industry. It is proved that although formal institutions are relatively stable, their formation and preservation should be based on their perception by people in society as a factor in effectively solving certain problems. It was determined that Ukraine, as a country in a period of crisis (direct military action), should seriously consider institutional factors as a source of future direct investment, and weak institutional policies will raise concerns about the possibility of transferring management practices, procedures, and methods from other countries. The authors compiled a scheme of influence of factors on the formation of the institutional environment of the country as a whole and the hospitality industry, including political, legislative, economic, socio-cultural and ethical factors of influence. The publication examines the mutual influence of the institutional environment and the organisation, which is based on institutional ties, institutional pressure and institutional entrepreneurship. It has been found that an effective institutional environment stimulates the development of the hospitality industry, and a good institutional structure characterised by a strong rule of law, control of corruption, freedom of expression, a stable political environment, better regulation and good governance can open a new path for hospitality services. Conclusion. The results of the study are a significant contribution to the qualitative formation of the institutional environment of the hospitality industry.

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN REGULATING JOINT VENTURE RELATIONS: SEARCH FOR EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENTS FOR THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE

Volodymyr Hutsuliak — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the conceptual, legislative and theoretical provisions in the field of legal regulation of contractual relations in the implementation of joint activities in Ukraine and some European countries, as well as in the field of using the structure of joint activities as a special type of economic relations in the conduct of business. Methodology. General scientific methods were used in the research process. The comparative method was used to compare the legislative approaches to the legal regulation of contractual relations in the joint activities of Germany, France, Poland, Moldova and Ukraine. The analysis was used to determine the specifics of legislative approaches to the legal regulation of contractual relations for the implementation of joint activities in these countries, to identify their advantages and disadvantages. Synthesis was used to determine the methodological principles of legal regulation of joint activities. Induction and deduction were used to determine the basic principles of the functioning of civil legal partnerships with the aim of carrying out joint activities by their participants. The aim of the article is to propose concrete ways of improving the Ukrainian legal mechanism of contractual regulation of joint activity relations in order to ensure prompt and efficient post-war reconstruction of destroyed infrastructure facilities, the success of the process of recodification of the civil legislation of Ukraine and its harmonisation with the legislation of the EU countries. The results of the study have shown that, in general, the Ukrainian legislative approach to the legal regulation of relations on the implementation of joint activities is the most liberal and dispositive in comparison with the corresponding approaches of the European countries, which confirms the opinion that it is necessary to understand the agreement on joint activities as an effective legal and economic instrument for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, based on the consolidation of human efforts and resources (capital) for the achievement of a common goal. Conclusion. In order to improve the national legislative approach to the legal regulation of relations on joint activities on a contractual basis and to harmonise it with the provisions of European legislation, it is advisable to enshrine the following provisions by way of borrowing: 1) the prohibition of participants to engage in any activity that may be detrimental to the company, including the prohibition of competition; 2) the possibility of depriving a participant of the right to manage the company by a court decision if there is a valid reason, in particular as a result of a gross breach of duty; 3) the right of a participant to withdraw from a limited partnership if there are valid reasons and the invalidity of the objection to this effect; 4) the establishment of a basic list of the essential terms of a simple partnership agreement. This will undoubtedly have a direct impact on improving the institution of joint ventures as an important tool for the development of Ukraine's economic system in the post-war environment, especially in the context of investing in Ukrainian business and rebuilding the destroyed infrastructure.

FEATURES OF FINANCIAL AND LEGAL LIABILITY IN UKRAINE

Oleg Dubynskyy — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is public relations in the field of financial and legal responsibility in Ukraine. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the methods of induction and deduction, the dialectical-materialistic method, the method of analysis and synthesis, and the historical method, which allowed for an objective understanding of the content and essence of the issues under study. The aim of the article is to analyse the theoretical aspects of the features of financial and legal liability in Ukraine in order to propose effective ways to improve the mechanism of these procedures. The results of the study have shown that the independence of financial responsibility in Ukraine is emphasised by the relevant criteria, which include the obligation of a person guilty of committing a financial offence to undergo measures of state coercion provided for by the sanctions of financial legislation. Conclusion. Financial responsibility in Ukraine is a legal relationship with a special procedural form of implementation. Financial and legal responsibility is an independent measure of financial sovereignty of the state, has its own legal nature and occupies a certain place in financial legal relations. At the same time, it should be said that liability for violation of financial legislation does not exist only within the framework of financial legislation. Financial responsibility is undoubtedly a type of legal responsibility and is primarily due to the special sphere of sectoral activity of the state and its authorised bodies, which today is considered to be the financial activity of the state, where not all subjects of law are involved, but only subjects of financial law and their financial obligations, which differ only in their ownership, price and public character. Another peculiarity is that, as a rule, financial and legal liability is by its nature restorative, aimed at eliminating negative and other undesirable consequences caused to the financial system of the state. This feature of financial and legal liability reflects the public nature of financial obligations, the fulfilment of which is ensured by the application of financial liability. Some peculiarities that distinguish financial liability in Ukraine are caused by the nature of financial offences that are the basis for financial liability and distinguish financial liability from other types of liability applied both in connection with administrative and disciplinary offences and in connection with criminalised financial crimes and civil offences, the subjects of which are usually independent individual subjects of financial activity, individuals, and companies.

INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STATUS OF THE WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALISATION

Dr. Samira Eyvazova — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical, empirical, methodological and applied foundations of the international legal status of the WTO in the context of economic globalisation. Methodology. General scientific and specific legal methods were used in the research process. With the help of the analysis the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of international trade are determined as a prerequisite for the determination of the international legal status of the WTO in the conditions of economic globalisation. The synthesis ensured the formation of characteristic features of the legal status of the WTO as an international organisation. The comparative legal method allowed to identify the common and distinctive features of international organisations in this area, as well as to clarify the defining aspects of the legal personality of the WTO in the modern international legal field. The formal-legal method created the conditions for formulating conclusions on the effectiveness of the implementation of the legal personality of the WTO in the sphere of ensuring the rules of international trade in the conditions of economic globalisation. The purpose of this article is to identify the characteristics of the international legal status of the WTO under the conditions of economic globalisation. The results of the study showed that the international legal status of the WTO in the conditions of economic globalisation is based on the basic principles of legal regulation of international trade and is mediated by the purpose of activity, legal personality, the order of formation and powers of the governing bodies, principles and procedural aspects of the functioning of this organisation. Conclusion. The international legal status of the WTO in the conditions of economic globalisation is considered from the standpoint of a dichotomous approach to this category from the standpoint of economics and law. Economic preconditions for the introduction of international trade rules in the form of GATT, 1947 and WTO research through the analysis of primarily statistical data of the periods 1947-1948 and 2017-2022, reflected in the consolidated information data of the WTO, as well as the study of individual theoretical considerations of scientists. Statistical indicators show clear signs of globalisation of the world economy, which is mediated by international trade operations, as a result of which the creation of transparent mechanisms for the circulation of goods within the framework of trade activities as a kind of existence of the world community through various static and dynamic legal constructions, among which WOT occupies almost the most significant importance along with other international organisations. The above is demonstrated by the example of the impact of COVID-2019 on international trade, the corresponding reaction to which was the revitalisation of trade processes, primarily in the field of pharmaceutical industry products. The above has covered the main principles of international legal regulation of trade relations at the formal and substantive level, which is carried out at the universal international legal, regional international legal and national levels. In connection with the differentiation of the components of the legal personality of the WTO, the definition of international legal capacity is given as the ability of a subject of international activity to acquire appropriate rights for itself by its own actions and to exercise them independently, as well as to create corresponding obligations for itself by its actions, to fulfil them independently and to bear responsibility in case of their non-fulfilment. In terms of the nature of this organisation, its place among other similar international organisations, in particular those operating within the framework of the UN, was invented by the field of activity, where attention is paid to the predominance of the latter in order to maintain international peace and security. The purpose of the activities of the WTO is to create and ensure international, multilateral, open, based on fair competition and other features inherent to trade in modern society, where the quasi-procedural moment, based on the replacement of a number of bilateral and multilateral agreements, is an external manifestation of such activity. It characterises the original and derivative legal instruments of the WTO's operation, defines the socio-economic and legal purpose of its activities, defines the structure and powers of the WTO's governing bodies, and focuses the organisation's legal personality on the procedural aspect of its activities, in particular through the implementation of relevant principles, among which the principle of maximum contribution plays a leading role.

STRATEGIC CONTROLLING TOOLS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF UKRAINIAN AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES

Yurii Senyk — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the system of strategic control in an organisation, which is necessary for agri-food companies in the context of implementing the principles of sustainable development. Methodology. The following economic research methods were used in the study: monographic method (when studying scientific sources and reviewing thematic literature; studying the directions of sustainable development of business entities in the agri-food sector of Ukraine); scientific abstraction and generalisation (when studying various methodological approaches to determining the content of controlling); abstract and logical method (when determining the role and place of strategic controlling in the management system of agri-food companies, formulating conclusions based on the results of the study); methods of analysis and synthesis (when substantiating a set of tools for strategic controlling by elements of its system). The aim of the study is to supplement the methodological framework of the strategic controlling system for managing companies in the agri-food sector. Results. Controlling is an important management function, and its effectiveness determines the success of an organisation in achieving its goals and objectives. In modern conditions, strategic controlling can be combined with two main approaches – as a management philosophy and as a management function and mechanism. The system of strategic controlling is determined by a set of complex factors of the external and internal environment that determine the possibility of achieving the long-term goals and objectives. The implementation of sustainable development goals and objectives by agri-food companies creates new requirements for the strategic controlling system, the main of which are transparency, flexibility, inclusiveness, openness and efficiency. In order to successfully achieve the planned targets of sustainable development, the strategic controlling system should use a set of tools that is determined by the nature and effect of the relevant elements. It is proposed to use benchmarking, ABC-analysis, SWOT-analysis, PESTEL-analysis, methods of expert evaluation, CVP-analysis, financial analysis, network graphs and methods of expert forecasting as the main tools for strategic controlling of agri-food companies.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE ZAKARPATTIA OBLAST IN THE FIELD OF RURAL GREEN TOURISM

Lesia Kahanets-Havrylko — 2024-04-05

The article presents the results of a study of the tourism and recreational potential of small and micro-enterprises in the sphere of rural green tourism in the Zakarpattia Oblast in the context of crisis and instability. It analyses the social factors influencing the development of this sector of the state economy, identifies problematic aspects in their activities that may negatively affect the development of tourism in general, as well as the impact of such crisis phenomena as COVID-19, its consequences and martial law. The authors have identified the factors that have a destructive impact and the factors that would contribute to overcoming the crisis. The aim of the research is to conduct a socio-economic study of the development of tourist and recreational potential of rural green tourism in the region and identify ways to unlock the potential of this sphere of the region's economy, which will be effective for their practical implementation in the activities of accommodation and catering enterprises. Methodology. The study was conducted on the basis of a survey of managers and owners of rural green tourism enterprises through a personal questionnaire, as well as an analysis of statistical indicators of the performance of temporary accommodation enterprises, based on official statistics of the Zakarpattia Oblast for 2020 and 2021 and provided by the Main Department of Statistics in the Zakarpattia Oblast. The monitoring covered private peasant farms in the region, namely 90 owners of such tourist farmsteads, of whom 70% were middle-aged (36-55 years old), 58% of them combine employment in the tourism sector with their main job in the public sector, and 6% have their own business other than the service sector. The results of the study demonstrate that the activities, development and general existence of rural green tourism in the region are affected by such destructive processes as crisis phenomena such as COVID-19, political instability, martial law and other macro- and microeconomic factors, which can be overcome or at least minimised by their impact on the tourism services sector to increase the viability of small businesses, which, as is known from international practice, is one of the elements of overall economic growth in the region and the state as a whole. According to the results of the study, the factors influencing the activities of enterprises, the behavioural patterns of owners of rural green tourism institutions in the context of the crisis were identified and mechanisms for minimising and overcoming the consequences of the crisis were developed, such as: diversification of business and expansion of the types of services that can be provided to potential consumers, introduction of an effective management and marketing system, adoption of European experience in the field of green tourism and proposals for improving the legislative framework for businesses to leave the shadow economy.

THE ROLE OF THE ACCOUNTING ASPECT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF REGIONAL ENTERPRISES IN ENSURING THEIR ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY

Yuliia Klius — 2024-04-05

In a world of rapid and continuous change and constant competition, innovation is becoming an important element in the sustainable development of companies and regions. A key factor in the success of innovation processes is the accounting aspect, which involves the systematisation, analysis and documentation of innovative changes. The study of this topic is becoming increasingly relevant due to the need to identify and solve problems related to innovation accounting. It aims at combining two strategically important areas – innovative development of enterprises and modern approaches to accounting and financial management. Purpose of the article. The purpose of the publication is to identify the key aspects of the problems associated with accounting for innovation activities at enterprises, as well as to reflect the role of such accounting in ensuring their economic sustainability. Methodology. The methodological basis of the work was formed by general scientific and special research methods: comparison, analysis, generalisation, graphic and tabular. The information base is based on official statistics, company reports and accounts, Internet resources and publications, and the results of the authors' own research. Practical implications. The research examines the problems of accounting for innovation activities of enterprises and makes proposals for their solution. The Ukrainian legislation regulating accounting lacks a coherent methodology for accounting for innovation costs. In order to provide the necessary analytical information on the costs of innovation activity, it is recommended to use accounts of the eighth class, opening sub-accounts of the third, fourth and higher order. Value/originality. The sources of financing and peculiarities of accounting for innovation activities of enterprises are studied, the main of which are the state resources and resources of enterprises and other business entities. Among the non-traditional sources of financing are venture capital funds, business incubators, business angels and crowdfunding.

CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF ECONOMY'S INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY INDICES

Anna Kniazevych — 2024-04-05

Creativity and the generation of innovative solutions are means of solving the problems of slow economic development and resistance to instability that have been observed in recent years. The key role of creativity of individuals and groups of workers as a defining feature of modern economic life is increasingly recognised. There is a consensus that people, as a source of creativity, are now a critical resource of the new era. In the new model of economic development, creativity, knowledge and free access to information are seen as powerful drivers of development and catalysts of globalisation. The subject of the research is to study the relationship between innovation and creativity in the economic sphere. In particular, the article examines how the creativity of various economic subjects affects the level of innovative indicators, which synthetically reflect the possibilities of achieving the goals of innovative development. The research methodology includes the use of global reports on innovation and creativity indices, as well as scientific sources on this topic. The study uses the methods of critical analysis of scientific papers and international rankings, comparison and correlation of interdependent indicators. The purpose of the research is to assess the relationship between creativity and the level of innovative indicators, which synthetically show the possibilities of achieving the goals of innovative development. Creativity of business entities and mechanisms for generating innovative solutions are determining factors of success of modern post-industrial societies. In most developed countries, long-term economic growth is supported by innovation and creativity of various economic entities. To create the research algorithm, the authors defined the chain of concepts "sustainable development – innovation – creativity". To assess and analyse creativity, the study uses methodological tools that can be applied in global and local contexts. The most well-known indices are the Global Innovation Index (GII), the Global Creativity Index (GCI), the City Creativity Index (CCI), and the Hong Kong Creativity Index (HKCI). The general correlation coefficients between the global innovation index and the creativity indices of some countries have been calculated. According to the results of the calculations, the correlation coefficients of creativity and innovation are very positive. They are closely related and belong to the group of significantly correlated indicators. This means that there is a very high correlation between innovation and creativity in the economies studied. Conclusions. The positive correlation between innovation and creativity indices confirms, in general and in specific terms, a close relationship between innovation and creativity in the economies of different countries. This may indicate that countries or regions with a higher level of economic development have higher rates of creativity and vice versa. The research demonstrates the importance of innovation for the development of creativity in the economy. Understanding this interaction can serve as a basis for designing strategies and policies aimed at promoting innovative development and the growth of creative potential. The economies of Poland, Bulgaria and Ukraine, which were studied in detail, are not innovative enough. The countries studied represent different levels of economic development and are in the phase of post-industrial development, which requires effective innovation policies and measures to support creativity. In order to increase the level of innovation and creativity, it is necessary to involve national governments and organisations (especially the European Union) that can contribute to this. The conclusions point to the need to develop comprehensive approaches to support innovation and creativity in the economies of the countries studied. This may include not only effective strategies to stimulate research and development, but also policies aimed at the cultural environment, education and other areas.

RISK ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC ORGANISED CRIME IN UKRAINE

Oleksandr Korystin — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the methodological foundations and applied approaches to assessing the impact of organised crime on economic relations in the country. Methodology. The study uses two key approaches to the criminological analysis of organised crime: statistical (based on state statistics) and sociological (risk assessment based on expert surveys). The purpose of the article is to compare analytical approaches and results of data analysis on the activities of organised crime in the economic sphere in Ukraine. The activity of organised crime in the economic sphere in Ukraine has been analysed on the basis of state statistics and sociological surveys conducted in recent years under various research projects. With a focus on the comparative interest of these two criminological approaches, the authors highlights the problem of identifying manifestations of organised economic crime not as individual non-systemic cases, but as a criminal phenomenon of a systemic nature which permeates various areas of economic activity. At the same time, it was found that the state statistics do not objectively reflect the problems of organised crime in the country, and that they are levelling the real state. Among the various sociological methods of criminological analysis, the authors focused on the risk-oriented approach to the assessment of crime, considering the risk of the spread of organised crime in the economic sphere on the basis of an expert assessment of the probability and consequences of the spread of these threats. This approach and its results point to critical gaps in criminological research based on state statistics and suggest promising approaches for future research. Conclusion. The risk-oriented approach points to systemic manifestations of the phenomenon of organised crime and the high risk of organised crime groups in the economy of Ukraine. Using a unique empirical base formed by research projects, significant threats to the country's economy and high-risk threats in the form of various manifestations of organised crime were identified: according to law enforcement agencies – 62.30%; in the system of hybrid threats – 41.38%-44.74%; in the field of forestry – 55.67%; in the field of fiscal security, in the section of individual branches of the economy, the most significant level of risk is in the range of 60-70%.

DEVELOPMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALISATION

Maksym Korniienko — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical, empirical and methodological foundations of the socio-economic and legal nature of the development of administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation. Methodology. The study uses general and special methods of cognition. Using the dialectical method, the authors differentiates the essence of the development of administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation on the legal and economic levels according to the relevant criteria. The analysis created the conditions for a multifaceted study of the complex of problems and prospects for the development of Ukrainian administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation from the perspective of economic and legal etymology. The synthesis created the conditions for generalising the characteristic features of administrative justice, taking into account the current trends and international legal and regulatory developments in this area. The formal legal method allowed to correctly interpret the content of international and national legal acts that define the directions for improving administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems and directions of development of administrative justice in the context of economic globalization. The results of the study show that the problems of the current state of administrative justice in Ukraine are complex, and the ways to overcome them take into account various parameters that are directly or indirectly based on the principles of economic globalisation, which are primarily based on economic and legal principles. Among the areas for improvement of administrative procedures, those that primarily ensure effective protection of human rights and freedoms, in particular through the implementation of relevant international standards, occupy an important place. Conclusion. The study of the economic foundations for optimisation of administrative justice in Ukraine has made it possible to identify certain indicators which serve as socio-economic prerequisites for optimisation of administrative justice. The statistical data show that the areas of manifestation of the subject matter of administrative court proceedings are differentiated depending on the impact of economic globalisation on certain public law relations which give rise to the relevant public law disputes. The authors distinguishes between a group of public law disputes which are directly related to the phenomenon of economic globalisation, and public law disputes in which public interests of economic content are manifested. This contributes to the creation of certain, primarily legal, structures which would facilitate the optimisation of administrative proceedings in the context of economic globalisation, which has both an external, international and internal, national format. The above considerations of optimising administrative justice in the context of economic globalisation have made it possible to identify specific problems faced by Ukrainian justice, including administrative justice: 1) organisational; 2) legal support; 3) material, financial and social support of courts and judges; 4) functioning of the institution of judicial governance and self-government; 5) staffing; 6) ensuring access to justice. Among the areas of improvement of administrative justice, the following are considered in detail: implementation of the principles of the rule of law and procedural economy, introduction of digital technologies (elements of artificial intelligence), introduction of alternative forms of pre-trial and post-trial dispute resolution, optimisation of the zonal and territorial location of courts, implementation of international standards of administrative justice, and some others.

KEY ASPECTS AND PROCESS OF FORMATION OF THE MECHANISM FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Nataliia Kotvytska — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the digital process of ensuring the economic system of agricultural enterprises. Methodology. In the course of the study, the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalisation, classification, formalisation, comparison, as well as abstract-logical and monographic methods were used. The aim of the paper is to study the key aspects and the process of developing a mechanism for ensuring the economic system of agricultural enterprises. Research results. Summarising the results, it is determined that ensuring the economic security of enterprise plays a crucial role in its overall functioning. Effective implementation of the mechanism of economic security of enterprise requires attention of managers to such aspects as integration into the global information space, corporate interests, rational use of resources, and clear organisation of activities. The basis of the mechanism of ensuring economic security is a systematic combination of various tools, methods, means and processes of providing information based on objective principles and needs of economic security management subjects to achieve and protect the financial interests of the enterprise. In addition, the dualism of the economic security system of agricultural enterprises is important: ensuring the proper functioning of an agricultural enterprise is achieved through the coordinated work of internal and external security mechanisms. The developed mechanism for ensuring the economic security of agricultural enterprises can be implemented at any enterprise and serve as a basis for improving its financial and economic activities to achieve the main goal of the entity. It is emphasised that economic security is formed through a set of economic measures aimed at protecting the economic system from the negative impact of the external and internal environment. This system of measures should ensure the formation of a capacity for sustainable operation, competitiveness in the relevant market and further development based on the effective use of existing potential.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENERGY CONSUMPTION CALCULATIONS TO REDUCE EXCESS GENERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE'S RECOVERY

Oksana Kuzmenko — 2024-04-05

In authors' opinion, the relevance of implementing artificial intelligence in the calculation of energy consumption in order to reduce excess generation lies in several key aspects: 1) efficient use of resources (by analysing data and predicting energy consumption patterns using artificial intelligence, the operation of the energy system can be optimised, ensuring efficient use of energy resources and avoiding excessive electricity generation); 2) reduction of losses (artificial intelligence can help identify and eliminate problematic segments in energy systems, leading to a reduction in energy losses during transport and distribution); 3) consumption forecasting (artificial intelligence can predict and respond to energy consumption peaks, ensuring the stability of energy supply and avoiding overloading of energy systems); 4) resource conservation and emissions reduction (efficient management of energy consumption using artificial intelligence can lead to reduced fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, promoting more sustainable and environmentally friendly development). Artificial intelligence is a field of computer science that deals with the creation of programs and systems capable of performing tasks that typically require human intellectual abilities. These systems can exhibit cognitive functions such as image recognition, language understanding, decision making, self-learning and planning. Artificial intelligence uses methods and techniques from computer science, mathematics, linguistics, philosophy and other fields to design and implement intelligent systems. Artificial intelligence in the energy sector is the application of AI methods and technologies to optimise energy production, transmission, distribution and consumption. This includes the development of algorithms and systems that can automatically analyse large amounts of data, predict energy demand, optimise energy processes, maintain the stability of energy networks and reduce energy losses. The application of artificial intelligence to energy can help increase the efficiency of energy production, reduce environmental impact and improve the reliability of energy systems. The subject of the study is the introduction of artificial intelligence in the calculation of energy consumption in order to reduce excess generation in the context of Ukraine's recovery. The research methods for introducing artificial intelligence into the calculation of energy consumption in order to reduce excess generation in the context of Ukraine's recovery are a system of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of introducing artificial intelligence into the calculation of energy consumption to reduce excess generation in the context of Ukraine's recovery. Results. Investing in the use of artificial intelligence to calculate energy consumption in order to reduce excess generation in the context of Ukraine's recovery can be done through various investment instruments, including: venture capital (investments in start-ups and companies developing artificial intelligence technologies to optimise energy consumption); project financing (financing of specific projects using artificial intelligence to analyse and optimise energy consumption); corporate investments (investments in the development of in-house artificial intelligence systems for energy efficiency management at industrial enterprises); stock market (investments in shares and bonds of companies specialising in the development and implementation of innovative technologies for the energy sector); crowdfunding (raising funds from individual investors on platforms dedicated to the development of artificial intelligence projects in the field of energy efficiency).

STRATEGY FOR ELIMINATING CORRUPTION THREATS TO UKRAINE'S NATIONAL SECURITY

Oleksii Makarenkov — 2024-04-05

The article reveals the strategy for elimination of corruption threats to national security. It is a system of knowledge about legal and organisational measures aimed at ensuring the supremacy of human virtues in public-legal relations at a level that excludes both potential and real threats to human rights, territorial integrity, safe living conditions of citizens and other constitutional values. It is a molar set, the content capacity of which is divided into at least two atomic units – legal norms and the implementation of legal norms. Taken together, both components of the strategy are capable of ensuring the preservation of these values and the development of the nation on this basis on an ongoing basis. The first component is intended to cover the content of legal relations. The second component involves the practical implementation of legal norms. These two variables equally saturate the functional and structural content of the security of national interests. Accordingly, the security of the nation exists only under the condition of the implementation of law-making and law-enforcement operations, which is possible only at the level of the institutionalisation of these processes. Any replacement of an institution by a person, of public interest by private interest, of law by its visibility, of freedom by force, determines the operational and/or strategic dysfunction of law, which leads to the loss of meaningful national values. It is determined that the hierarchy of initial relations of key concepts for understanding corruption distortions, the essential content of national interests and the relationship of corruption acts with the level of threats to Ukraine's national security form the ontological basis of the strategy for eliminating such threats. This basis should also include the principles of its creation, updating, implementation and monitoring of effectiveness. This is the introductory part of the strategy. In the substantive part of the strategy, it is necessary to specify the goal, tasks and areas of national interests, as well as the subjects of its implementation, effectiveness control and renewal. These subjects include all public authorities, civil organisations and each citizen. The main responsibility for the effectiveness of this approach lies not only with specialised anti-corruption bodies, but necessarily with all national public authorities. It is emphasised that there will be a system of control over such performers within the already existing infrastructure of public authorities and with detailed rules on the limits of control by citizens, the legal possibilities of which should be wide enough to ensure that this control remains an effective tool for ensuring the provisions of the specified strategy, including the possibility for citizens to use legal procedures of vigilantism. Separate sections of this strategy should be devoted to detailed rules for strengthening national security through transnational connections and digital technological resources. The secret part of the strategy should contain rules for using the nation's permanent and situational advantages, its individual features and other resources at a particular moment in time, as well as in the short, medium and long term. This part should also reflect the algorithms for determining the nature and qualities of these advantages, timely verification of their emergence and transformation. The author establishes that all these rules and algorithms should be combined with the rules for determining the changing nature of corruption acts and corruption subjects and their criminal accomplices.

TRENDS IN THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINE'S ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR

Iryna Maksymenko — 2024-04-05

Influenced by the processes of global digital transformation and the requirements set by the European Union in the context of European integration, the Ukrainian economy, even before the full-scale invasion, was focused on the development of digital technologies that allow increasing the level of production automation and labour productivity, reducing costs, increasing revenues, improving competitiveness and realising other benefits of digitalisation. At the same time, during the war, the role of digital technologies is growing, turning into a flexible tool that ensures the economic sustainability of Ukraine. Despite the considerable attention of researchers to the problems of building Ukraine's digital economy in wartime, the key features and trends of its development require a more detailed study, taking into account the challenges and tasks that arise in martial law and can be quickly and effectively addressed with the help of digital technologies. In this regard, the study of the specifics of the development of digital transformation of the economy in order to achieve Ukraine's strategic goals in wartime deserves special attention. The subject of the study is the process of digital transformation of Ukraine's economy in wartime. The purpose of the study is to analyse the features and trends in the development of Ukraine's digital economy, taking into account the challenges and needs of wartime, and to propose ways of post-war recovery. The study of the problem was carried out with the use of a combination of general scientific and modern research methods, among which the main ones are the method of system analysis (when studying the approaches and points of view of domestic and Western scientists), economic and statistical (to determine the trends in the development of the digital economy in Ukraine), analysis and synthesis (when studying the types of digital economy), graphic (to visualize a number of theoretical and practical provisions of the article). The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of development of Ukraine's digital economy in the context of current challenges caused by the war. The authors emphasises that digitalisation processes are important for the restoration and development of the national economy and for increasing the country's competitiveness. The importance of further development of the digital economy is determined not only in the context of war, but also to overcome its consequences in the period of post-war recovery. Conclusions. Digital technologies have a significant potential to restore the national economy and accelerate economic development, as they can facilitate the transition from the use of material to information resources, reduce production costs, create new technological products and bring them to the global market, increase the country's competitiveness, etc. In addition, digital technologies can accelerate Ukraine's economic development both during the war and in the period of post-war reconstruction. This contribution is supported by the research work of the Department of Accounting and Taxation of the National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic 05711 "Modern concepts and practice of development of accounting, auditing and taxation in the context of economic globalization".

MILITARY-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF MAINTAINING THE STATE'S DEFENCE CAPABILITY IN THE CURRENT MILITARY AND STRATEGIC SITUATION

Volodymyr Mozharovskyi — 2024-04-05

The article outlines the content of one of the main military-economic aspects of maintaining Ukraine's defence capability in the current conditions of development of the military-strategic situation – mobilisation readiness and capabilities of the State, in particular, the capabilities of its defence-industrial complex to create new and modernise existing models of weapons and military equipment, and to produce missiles, ammunition and other material and technical means. Given the main contradictions in the development of the defence industry of Ukraine, the authors propose, as an option, a system of state management of the defence industry of Ukraine, which should be based on the centralisation of strategic functions for its development. In particular, it is proposed to create the State Agency for the Defence Industry of Ukraine – a structure with the status of a permanent executive body and broad powers to develop and implement the tasks of the defence industry. The paper focuses on the importance of protecting economic facilities, and the authors believe that one of the ways to improve the effectiveness of defending the country's economic potential is to create an additional echelon of non-fire protection for the most important economic facilities, such as energy infrastructure, industrial enterprises, ports, airfields, railway stations, etc. It is through the integrated use of active fire defence and passive non-fire defence means that the unconditional preservation of the country's economic potential can be achieved. At the same time, an analysis of the scientific literature in this area of research shows that existing methodologies (methodological approaches) do not provide for a comprehensive approach to substantiating ways to address the problematic issues of the state's defence capability, taking into account the main military and economic aspects of its maintenance, as well as the peculiarities of the development of the military-strategic situation. In view of this, the authors believe that the prospect of further research should be to reveal the content of other military-economic aspects of maintaining the state's defence capability in the current military-strategic situation, and, with this in mind, to develop a comprehensive methodological approach to substantiating ways to address the problematic issues of combat and mobilisation readiness of the Armed Forces and the Defence Forces of Ukraine as a whole. The analytical material presented in this article is based on the experience gained by the troops (forces) in the course of operations (combat actions).

DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALISATION

Karina Nemashkalo — 2024-04-05

The subject of the study is the development of personnel management of agricultural enterprises in the context of digitalisation. Methodology. The study uses general scientific methods, in particular, theoretical generalisation, methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical analysis, as well as graphical methods to visualise the results of the study. The aim is to study the main trends in the development of personnel management of agricultural enterprises in the context of digitalisation. Results. The main trends in the digitalisation of HR management in agricultural enterprises indicate the widespread use of modern digital technologies to optimise and improve the efficiency of HR management in agriculture. One of the key trends is the use of digital tools in recruitment and selection, including websites and online platforms for job search, social media for attracting candidates, automated candidate management systems and analytical tools for assessing candidates. Digitalisation allows agricultural enterprises to respond more efficiently and quickly to staffing needs, attract and retain talented employees, and increase the overall productivity and competitiveness of the industry. Such technological changes are becoming a key element of agricultural business development in the current environment and play a significant role in ensuring its success and sustainability in the future. The main trends in the digitalisation of HR management in agricultural enterprises include several key aspects aimed at using modern digital technologies to optimise HR management and increase efficiency. First, digital tools such as online platforms, websites and social media are used in recruitment and selection to attract and select candidates for vacant positions. The second trend is the automation of administrative HR processes. Digital systems can automate time tracking, payroll, leave calculation and other aspects of HR management, freeing up managers' time for more strategic tasks. The third trend is the development of online learning and electronic platforms for staff development. The use of digital tools for training and development of employees allows them to improve their skills and adapt them to changes in the industry. The fourth trend is the use of analytics to make management decisions. HR data analysis allows managers to obtain objective information about the productivity and needs of their staff, which helps them make informed management decisions. In addition, the development of flexible working arrangements and remote work is another important trend. Digital technologies provide the ability to work from anywhere, which helps to attract and retain talent regardless of where they live.

FORMATION OF A MODEL OF INFORMATION LITERACY IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY OF THE XXI CENTURY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF EU COUNTRIES)

Vitalina Nikitenko — 2024-04-05

The relevance of the study of information literacy in the 21st century is paramount in the context of education and social development, particularly in light of the prevailing trend of digitalisation. Information literacy has emerged as a crucial skill set for effectively navigating the modern information society, characterised by the exponential growth and accessibility of information. The ability to engage with information critically and proficiently has become indispensable for personal and professional advancement in today's world. The subject of the article revolves around the significance of information literacy in the 21st century, particularly in the context of education and social development amidst the digitalisation trend. Methodology. Using a variety of methods and approaches, including cross-cultural, systemic, structural-functional, institutional, anthropological and axiological approaches, as well as general scientific methods, the authors aim to identify the strengths and weaknesses of people in information literacy and develop strategies to improve their competence in this area. The study employs a comprehensive approach to investigate both the theoretical and practical aspects of information literacy formation in the modern era. The overarching approach involves integrating information literacy into the educational curriculum, providing support to educators and fostering an environment conducive to the cultivation of these skills among students and the broader populace. This holistic approach recognises the importance of information literacy as a cornerstone of modern education and social progress, ensuring that individuals are equipped to thrive in an increasingly digitised world. In this study, the primary objective is to explore both the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of information literacy in the contemporary era. Information literacy encompasses not only the capacity to effectively interact with information but also the ability to evaluate it critically and leverage it to accomplish specific objectives. The theoretical and practical significance of this study lies in fostering digital competence, which entails not only understanding the digital landscape but also actively utilising technology and problem-solving skills. In conclusion, the study emphasises the paramount importance of information literacy in the contemporary era characterised by rapid digitalisation. As society grapples with the challenges and opportunities presented by the influx of information, the ability to navigate, evaluate, and utilise information effectively emerges as a linchpin for personal and societal advancement.

FORMATION OF A MODEL FOR MANAGING THE POTENTIAL OF REGIONAL MARKETS

Tetiana Savchenko — 2024-04-05

In an unstable and rapidly changing economic environment, it becomes even more difficult to determine the state and prospects of development of specific markets, especially regional ones, where specific conditions are in place. In order to effectively coordinate the development of a particular regional market, it is necessary to clearly define the extent to which its potential has been exploited and to identify the factors that influence the formation of the regional market's potential. The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological foundations of managing the potential of regional markets. The aim of the study is to develop a model for managing the potential of the regional market. Methodology. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks were set and solved: a critical analysis of approaches to the definition of the concept of "regional market potential" was carried out, the theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of a model for managing the potential of the regional market were substantiated, the components of this model were clarified, and the types of links between the components of the model for managing the potential of the regional market were identified. The paper uses the following methods and approaches to research: abstract and logical approach used in the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of interaction management, analysis of theoretical approaches to the formation of a model for managing the potential of the regional market, inductive and deductive (used to determine the factors influencing the formation of a model for managing the potential of the regional market), systematisation and generalisation (to clarify the concept of "regional market potential"). Results. The research considers the processes of formation and management of the potential of regional markets. It reveals the essence of the concept of "potential of the regional market" on the basis of studying the definition of the concept of "potential". The article describes and groups approaches to determining the market potential of a region and formulates its own definition of the regional market potential as "the upper limit of production, sales and consumption of a certain type of product in the region, at which the financial interests of market participants are maximally satisfied, for which the existing resources are sufficient". The publication identifies the factors influencing the state of the regional market potential: industrial capacities, development of regional infrastructure and logistics, demographic situation, population income and purchasing power, resource provision of the region, opportunities for international trade. The article characterises the structure of the regional market potential: the forming component (production, consumer and trade potential) and the ensuring component (socio-economic potential of the region). A model of management of the regional market potential is proposed. Practical implications. The proposed model will help to clarify the role and functional relationships between the components of the regional market potential and take into account the peculiarities of the functioning of regional markets in the implementation of market forecasts. Value/originality. In the structure of the regional market potential, unlike the well-known ones, the forming and ensuring components of the regional market potential are distinguished. The addition of the trade potential component to the traditional forming components, such as consumer and production potential, will allow taking into account trade opportunities and conditions for fast and high-quality trade organisation in the region.

ON THE FEASIBILITY OF USING THE CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT AS A CATEGORY OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Artem Solomaha — 2024-04-05

The article is devoted to administrative law terminology and the feasibility of involving the concept of management in its composition. It has been found that legal science was subject to repeated attempts to introduce the relevant concept into its terminology. It is stated that the concept of management is widely used in scientific literature to explain the properties of administrative law phenomena and processes and in national administrative legislation. It is proved that most works available in specific literature: a) do not reason why the management category is essential for administrative law; b) what internal problems of administrative law science it helps or hinders to solve; c) how the category will correlate with other concepts close in meaning – administrative management, public administration, good governance, etc. It is substantiated the conclusion that representatives of economic sciences have not yet reached agreement on how to interpret the concept of management. However, they shall do it, firstly, for the further development of management science and secondly to clarify the content of the relevant educational programs in management, because Ukraine keeps implementing "knowledge standardization" for all levels of education. It was established that the imbalance of scientific approaches to the content of the management concept negatively affects the final definition of the object and subject of management science and the relevant teaching-learning materials intended for university students majoring in the specialty concerned. Based on the analysis of the concept of management and cases of its use in studies on administrative law phenomena, it was concluded that management is an economic category used by representatives of economic sciences to explain the peculiarities of internal organizational activities within public authorities and local self-government. At the same time, the range of issues and problems that are raised and solved are of an exclusively "managerial" nature and hence do not echo or partially echo ones of administrative law regulation of internal organizational relations within public authorities. The concept of management has no methodological significance for administrative law terminology and, thus, studies on administrative law phenomena.

ORGANISATION OF MARKETING ACTIVITIES IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Inna Tomashuk — 2024-04-05

The aim of the article is to identify the characteristics of the introduction and development of marketing activities in agricultural enterprises in order to increase the efficiency of their activities. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the study of economic phenomena and processes related to the marketing activities of agricultural enterprises. In formulating theoretical generalisations and formulating conclusions and proposals, the paper uses historical, abstract and logical, and monographic methods. Forecasting of indicators characterising the marketing potential of enterprise in the context of increasing labour productivity at enterprises, market parameters and substantiation of the choice of marketing strategy of agricultural producers is carried out using the methods of extrapolation and economic forecasting. The article uses general scientific and special research methods: abstraction and comparison, analysis and synthesis, graphical methods, deduction, economic and mathematical modelling, observation and comparison, and the logical method. The results of the study show that marketing instruments include methods of its implementation, i.e., advertising, sales, customer service, pricing policy, study of needs and demand, communication with consumers and the public. Calculation of a comprehensive indicator of efficiency of marketing activity of enterprises is an important direction of assessment of the status and level of development of the marketing complex at enterprise. The indicator makes it possible to promptly identify and eliminate deviations in achieving goals and fulfilling tasks, which affects the overall performance of the enterprise. The results of the study are presented in the form of tables, graphs, diagrams, and charts. Practical implications. Since the marketing activity of an agricultural enterprise is multifaceted, it is necessary to evaluate its effectiveness in the following areas: efficiency of implementation of marketing functions, implementation of the marketing complex and use of marketing resources. In order to assess the level of efficiency of marketing activities, it is necessary to analyse both strategic and tactical aspects of the agricultural enterprise. Value/originality. An important component of ensuring marketing activities in the agricultural market is the communication policy of the enterprise. A modern system for assessing the effectiveness of marketing activities should take into account the possibility of disseminating information via the Internet, which is an indispensable tool for obtaining up-to-date marketing information.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF ENSURING SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALISATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES

Alla Cherep — 2024-04-05

It is established that the system of free enterprise in the form in which it is implemented does not ensure progressive changes and they do not occur. The authors believe that in order to ensure a high level of socio-economic security of Ukrainians, it is advisable to use methods, levers, information and legal support for socio-economic security based on the digitalisation of business processes at enterprises, organisations and institutions. The article substantiates the expediency of forming a structure and mechanism for ensuring socio-economic security, taking into account the determination of the values of the State, phenomena of public life and public consciousness, in order to solve the problems of ensuring the effective operation of enterprise through the use of digital innovative technologies. It proposes a structure of socio-economic security of enterprises in the context of digitalisation of business processes. In order to ensure the conditions for social protection of employees of enterprise, a mechanism for such protection is proposed, taking into account the economic component, which will largely depend on the introduction of digital technologies into the business processes of enterprise. The paper suggests the concept of digitalisation of business processes of enterprise with a view to forming and ensuring socio-economic security of enterprises in the context of digitalisation of business processes. It is proved that the digital society is a necessary progressive movement, which involves the intensive and productive use of digital technologies in all spheres of human life, the life of economic entities, regions and the State. The publication analyses the global volume of trade through e-commerce retail in 2016-2021 as a sign of the external environment of socio-economic security of enterprise. The emphasis is placed on the digital society as an external environment of socio-economic security of enterprise. It is determined that digital technologies have a significant impact on the socio-economic security of enterprises, as they allow increasing the profitability of production, reducing human labour costs, ensuring rhythmic operation at all stages of business processes, making it possible to implement the tasks set and achieve common economic, social and civic goals. It is determined that the digital economy covers not only the information and communication sector, but also all business sectors in all areas of economic activity, including the public and private sectors, non-financial and tertiary sectors, financial sector, extractive industry, manufacturing and services, agriculture and construction. The study analyses the system characteristics of functioning of the mechanisms for ensuring socio-economic security, taking into account the relationship between internal relations and the external environment. The article examines the assessment of digital quality of life according to the Digital Quality of Life Index 2023, and identifies factors and trends that affect such indicators. The factors influencing the socio-economic security of the 10 largest IT companies in Ukraine by the number of specialists as of July 2023 are identified. The prospects for the impact of digitalisation of business processes of enterprises on the socio-economic security of Ukraine are determined.

MODERN TOOLS FOR MANAGING LOCAL BUDGETS IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALISATION

Iіa Chudaieva — 2024-04-05

The crisis in Ukraine's economy requires the government to take significant transformation steps. The issue of decentralization of state powers in favor of local self-government as a basis for the transition to a new administrative-territorial system remains relevant. After all, the current assistance from partner countries to rebuild infrastructure and provide social guarantees does not cover the needs of local governments. Today, the budgets of hromadas, which are formed in accordance with the basic principles of the Concept of Reforming Local Self-Government and Territorial Organization of Power in Ukraine, demonstrate an increase in revenue sources, but these resources are not enough to restore the country's economy. The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of decentralisation in Ukraine; to identify the impact of structural changes in the national economy on the financial capacity of local self-government bodies. Methodology. To achieve this goal, the article uses the structural method, comparative analysis of empirical data, and abstract and logical generalisation. Results. The paper examines the current realities of filling the budgets of hromadas. It finds that, despite the hostilities and the consequences of the coronavirus crisis, some local budgets in 2022-2023 were executed with a surplus. However, one of the factors behind this situation is the increase in "military" income tax revenues, which has significantly strengthened local budgets, but at the same time led to the misuse of funds. At the same time, there was an increase in capital expenditure in local budgets. Subsidies for education and health care, basic, additional and other budgeted transfers were transferred from the state budget to the budgets of local governments. However, the study points out the imperfection of the current equalisation system, which requires the construction of an optimal calculation model. Practical implications. As a basis, it is proposed to use the practice of the leading countries of the world, which is to increase the interest of local authorities in independently searching for additional sources of budget revenues and to reduce the pressure from the government to withdraw funds. Value/originality. Increasing their own revenues, which do not depend on the government's policy on the distribution of national taxes and fees, will allow hromadas to plan expenditures on priority areas regardless of changes at the political level.