Academia Polonica

INTEGRATION OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN ESP LESSONS FOR STUDENTS MAJORING IN IT

2026-06-03T12:22:06+00:00

The article examines intercultural communication as a key component of modern professional and educational environments, particularly in the context of globalization and digital transformation. It emphasizes that communication processes have always accompanied human interaction but have gained special significance due to increased international cooperation and migration. Intercultural communication is presented as an interdisciplinary field studied across various sciences, including linguistics, sociology, psychology, and cultural studies. Special attention is given to foreign language teaching as a tool for developing intercultural competence. Each language learning process is viewed as interaction with another culture, where the focus shifts from purely grammatical knowledge to functional and practical language use. The article highlights the importance of linguo-cultural and cross-cultural approaches, which contribute to a deeper understanding of discourse, pragmatics, and cultural differences. Furthermore, the paper identifies key linguistic and communicative skills required in professional environments, particularly in the IT sphere, such as technical writing, effective digital communication, presentation skills, and cross-cultural awareness. It outlines common challenges, including language barriers, cultural differences, and misinterpretation of verbal and non-verbal signals, and suggests strategies to overcome them through training, practice, and the use of modern educational technologies. The article sums up that integrating linguistic and intercultural competencies into education is essential for preparing competitive specialists capable of effective communication in a global professional environment.

COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH: THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HUMAN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

2026-06-03T13:33:07+00:00

The article is devoted to the analysis of cognitive aspects of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, medicine, and the military domain. Based on an analysis of 22 scientific publications by American, Polish, and Ukrainian researchers (2022–2026), key cognitive risks have been identified, including the phenomenon of overreliance on automated systems (automation bias), the loss of critical thinking skills, and the problem of algorithmic opacity («black box»). Particular attention is paid to country-specific aspects, including the concept of moral injury in U.S. military medicine, the integration of European regulatory requirements and the phenomenon of «zanikanie krytycznego myślenia» in Poland, as well as the adaptation of AI to conditions of martial law, the development of the «method from the opposite», and cognitive offloading systems in Ukraine. The concept of the «cultural cognition gap» is proposed to explain differences in the perception and implementation of AI across national contexts. The need for further harmonization of research approaches among countries, taking into account their unique experience, is substantiated. The results of the study may be used for the development of national AI implementation strategies that consider cognitive risks and cross-cultural differences.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION 5.0 AT THE AGE OF INNOVATION

2026-06-03T12:51:32+00:00

This article examines the development of Education 5.0 in the age of innovation as a new paradigm for the modernisation of education systems within the context of society’s digital transformation. The relevance of the study stems from the need to train specialists capable of operating effectively in conditions of rapid technological change, uncertainty and global challenges, which requires a rethinking of the content, forms and methods of teaching. The paper analyses the theoretical and conceptual foundations of Education 5.0 and identifies its key characteristics, including human-centredness, the integration of innovative technologies, personalised learning and the development of 21st-century competences. Particular attention is paid to the role of innovation as a determining factor in the transformation of the educational process, specifically the use of artificial intelligence, digital platforms, data analytics and virtual learning environments. It is argued that Education 5.0 is aimed at fostering critical thinking, creativity, digital literacy and the capacity for lifelong learning. The study concludes that the effective development of Education 5.0 is possible provided that technological innovations are combined with humanistic values and equal access to educational resources is ensured.

THESAURUS MODELLING OF FINANCIAL TERMINOLOGY IN GERMAN

2026-06-03T13:33:13+00:00

This study presents a systematic approach to thesaurus modelling of the terminological system of the subject area 'Finance' in the German language, drawing on terminological vocabulary extracted from the headlines and subheadings of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (2020–2025). From a corpus of 5,000 lexical units, 3,200 unique finance-related terms were identified and subjected to comprehensive structural-semantic analysis. A hierarchical network model proved most effective for structuring the finance term field. Applying this method, the subject area 'Finance' was divided into 15 thematic fields, including Financial Market, Financial Instruments, Capital, Banks, Stock Exchanges, Trade, Budget and Fiscal Policy, Investments, European and International Funds, Money, Services, Social Benefits, Economic Sciences and Research, the European Community, and Miscellaneous Terms. Each field was further subdivided into micro-fields of the first, second, third, and up to the seventh order, producing a detailed hierarchical classification of financial terminology. The research resulted in the development of a codified alphabetical list of German finance terms, which constitutes the basis for a structured thesaurus of the subject area 'Finance'. This thesaurus enables users to navigate the terminological system by establishing semantic relationships between terms and facilitates professional communication, lexicographic work, and foreign language instruction in specialized domains. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of the principles of terminology organization and offer a replicable methodological framework for the thesaurus modelling of other specialized subject areas

EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN SHAPING CONTINUING EDUCATION POLICY

2026-06-03T13:12:24+00:00

This study analyses the theoretical and methodological foundations of lifelong learning policy in European Union countries and summarises the leading approaches to organising lifelong learning in the context of society’s digital transformation. The content and essence of the concept of lifelong learning as a key factor in the development of human capital, enhancing the competitiveness of the economy and ensuring the social integration of citizens are explored. The relevance of the study stems from the need to modernise national education systems in the context of globalisation challenges, dynamic changes in the labour market and the growing role of knowledge as a strategic resource for development. Of particular importance is the study of European experience in shaping lifelong learning policy with a view to adapting it to the Ukrainian educational landscape. The aim of this article is to examine the characteristics of the formulation and implementation of lifelong learning policy in EU countries. The study found that lifelong learning policy in the EU is based on the principles of accessibility, flexibility, inclusivity and competence-based orientation. It is implemented through the development of a digital learning environment, the introduction of innovative pedagogical approaches, support for non-formal education and the creation of conditions for individual learning pathways

CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO TEACHING THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2026-06-03T13:16:41+00:00

The teaching of the History of the English Language (HEL) has undergone a substantial methodological transformation over the past two decades, shifting from a tradition of formal-descriptive philology toward an explanatory, interdisciplinary, and student-centred paradigm. This article examines that transformation across six interrelated dimensions of HEL pedagogy: the theoretical reorientation toward sociolinguistic explanation; the integration of corpus linguistics and digital humanities tools into classroom practice; the adoption of functional approaches to disciplinary literacy; curricular design and the tension between chronological and thematic organisation; the balance between internal linguistic history and external socio-political context; and the critical treatment of standardisation, codification, and prescriptivist ideology. Drawing on empirical studies, pedagogical literature, and theoretical frameworks in applied linguistics, the article argues that these dimensions, when addressed in combination, constitute a coherent and evidence-based model for contemporary HEL instruction. The model prioritises students’ capacity for diachronic reasoning, empirical inquiry, and critical metalinguistic reflection – competencies that extend well beyond the HEL classroom. Particular attention is given to the needs of English language learners in linguistically diverse higher education contexts and to the expanding role of World Englishes in redefining what counts as legitimate data in the history of the language. The article concludes with directions for further research into assessment design, teacher preparation, and the integration of emerging digital resources.

THE CLIL APPROACH TO TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR STUDENTS IN ECONOMICS SPECIALISATIONS AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

2026-06-03T13:33:02+00:00

The article examines the specific features of applying the CLIL approach (Content and Language Integrated Learning) in teaching a foreign language to students majoring in economics at higher education institutions. It revealsthe essence of integrated content and language learning, its key principles, advantages, and implementation challenges. Special emphasis is placed on the interdisciplinary nature of CLIL, which enables students to simultaneously acquire subject-specific knowledge and develop foreign language proficiency in a meaningful context. The study analyses the impact of CLIL on the development of both professional and foreign language communicative competence of future economists, highlighting improvements in critical thinking, problem-solving, and academic communication skills. Particular attention is paid to methodological aspects of CLIL implementation in the educational process, including the use of interactive technologies, project-based learning, case studies, and authentic materials relevant to the field of economics. The paper substantiates the relevance and effectiveness of CLIL in the context of modern higher education and ongoing globalization processes. It also outlines prospects for further research, particularly in evaluating long-term learning outcomes and refining teaching strategies

DIGITAL LIBRARY INFORMATION RESOURCES AS TOOLS OF INFLUENCE ON SOCIAL UNITY

2026-06-03T14:41:19+00:00

A comprehensive analysis of the strategic vectors of influence of library electronic information resources on social cohesion processes during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war was conducted. The essence of library digitalization as a tool for social cohesion, which involves uniting society through shared access to technology, knowledge, and opportunities for self-realization, is revealed. Using the example of the specialized full-text database “Ukraine in Foreign Press Reviews”, produced by the V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, the mechanisms of the influence of digital content on the consolidation of Ukrainian society are detailed. The key functional areas of this influence are identified and characterized, in particular verification (provision of reliable information), communication (ensuring remote access), scientific and educational (expanding the scientific and educational worldview and developing media literacy). It has been demonstrated that during intense hybrid threats, libraries are transformed into critically important players on the information front

ADAPTIVE INTERACTIVE PLATFORMS AS A FACTOR IN BOOSTING MOTIVATION TO LEARN ENGLISH IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2026-06-03T13:38:29+00:00

The study investigates the functional potential of leading adaptive platforms (in particular, artificial intelligence-based systems such as Duolingo and Quizlet, as well as specialised LMS modules) in the context of foreign language teaching. It is noted that the use of online resources, mobile applications, web quests, case-based technologies and project-based learning significantly increases the level of learner engagement, stimulates their motivation and contributes to the development of communicative competence. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the rapid digitalisation of the educational sector and the need to review traditional teaching methods in higher education institutions. The scientific novelty of the work lies in clarifying the role of adaptive technologies as a catalyst for personalised learning. An analysis of scientific research has established that the use of adaptive platforms contributes to improved academic performance, whilst the use of rating systems, achievement tracking and progress visualisation helps foster positive learning motivation and encourages students to actively participate in the educational process. It has been established that it is necessary not only to improve the technological aspects of adaptive platforms, but also to ensure their pedagogically sound integration into the educational process, which entails the development of teachers’ digital competence, the development of methodological approaches to the use of adaptive tools, and the creation of a supportive educational environment geared towards maintaining student motivation and active cognitive engagement.

CHALLENGES OF TEAM-BASED TRAINING FOR EDUCATORS

2026-06-03T13:49:10+00:00

The article addresses the critical challenges of forming interdisciplinary teams in special and inclusive education and evaluates the effectiveness of team-building training for future professionals (Speech-language Therapists). Based on a literature review of international practices (2021–2025), the authors identify key barriers: role ambiguity, communication gaps between pedagogical and medical staff, lack of co-teaching skills, and emotional distance in family partnerships. The study presents the results of an updated "Team Building Training" program at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University. A survey of 35 students (30.4% response rate) demonstrated a significant positive impact: 87% of respondents reported high or sufficient levels of improvement in understanding support team operations, communication (soft skills), and collaboration. Correlation analysis (р = 0.892) confirmed a strong link between communication skills and effective teamwork. Qualitative data highlighted that students most valued interpersonal bonding and practical case-solving, confirming the training’s success in bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and collaborative practice. The empirical part of the study focuses on the internal dynamics of professional competence development through quantitative and qualitative indicators. Statistical processing of the data revealed a strong positive correlation between communication skills and the effectiveness of teamwork, as well as between collaborative interaction and a clear cognitive understanding of the support team's structure. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions showed that students prioritized "interpersonal bonding" and "practical case modeling" as the most valuable resources for their future careers. These findings suggest that addressing the "soft skills" deficit is a primary factor in increasing the resilience of special education teams to professional burnout and ensuring a non-formal approach to inclusion.

COHESION AND COHERENCE IN INTERPRETED SPEECH: CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES AND INTERPRETATIVE STRATEGIES

2026-06-03T13:55:02+00:00

The text exаmines cohesion and coherence as key cаtegories of text organization, with a focus on their trаnsformation in oral translation. Traditionally, cohesion – defined by Halliday and Hasan as a system of formal linguistic ties – has been treаted as a structural property of well-formed texts. However, contemporary research increasingly views cohesion as a flexible, context-dependent resource shaped by genre, communicative purpose, and cognitive constraints. In oral trаnslation, where processing is linear and time-pressured, cohesive markers are often reduced or restructured. In contrаst, coherence is understood as a cognitive phenomenon emerging from the interаction between text, context, and the interpreter’s mental models. It ensures meaningful integrаtion of information and remаins central even when formal cohesion is weakened. Studies show that in interpreting, coherence is typically preserved or enhаnced despite a decrease in explicit cohesive devices. The text also highlights translаtion universals such as explicitation and simplification, which dynamically affect cohesion. Gile’s Effort Model explains these changes as a result of limited cognitive resources. Both international and Ukrainian research demonstrate a shift toward a cognitive-discursive approach, emphasizing the interpreter’s active role in meaning construction. Ultimately, coherence is identified as the dominant category in oral translation, while cohesion plays a secondary, adaptive role.

GENRE AND THEMATIC INNOVATION OF TAWFIQ AL-HAKIM SHORT PROSE IN THE NEW EGYPTIAN SCHOOL IN LITERATURE

2026-06-03T14:20:34+00:00

The article is devoted to the study of the artistic and stylistic features of the stories of Tawfiq al-Hakim. Tawfiq al-Hakim is one of the most famous Arab prose writers and playwrights of the 20th century, a representative of modern Egyptian literature. He was an innovator in both poetic and epic and dramaturgical spheres. In particular, al-Hakim was one of the first in Egypt to test the free verse form, thereby demonstrating his creative talent and artistic ingenuity. In the prose sphere, he is considered the founder of the national novel, representing with his work not only this genre, but also a variety of other epic forms, including those that were not previously found in the Middle East: essays, short stories, dramas, the genre of the diary novel and the novel in letters. His stories combine philosophical reflections, symbolism, social satire, and psychologism. An important place in Tawfiq al-Hakim's work is occupied by philosophical stories and novels, which raise questions about the meaning of human life, the interaction between the individual and society, as well as the moral responsibility of a man of science. The writer combined artistic prose with deep reflections on the spiritual state of man in the modern world. In some works, the writer shows the danger of a situation when technical progress outpaces the moral development of man. Therefore, he emphasizes the need to combine knowledge with ethical values

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO ORGANISING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS: DIGITALISATION AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EUROPEAN STANDARDS

2026-06-03T14:27:52+00:00

This article examines innovative approaches to organising the educational process in the context of digitalisation and the implementation of European standards. The relevance of this research stems from the need to modernise Ukraine’s national education system in line with the requirements of the European Higher Education Area, as well as the challenges posed by digital transformation and wartime conditions. These processes contribute to a rethinking of the traditional educational paradigm and a transition to competence-oriented, student-centred learning. The study utilises general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalisation and comparison, which have enabled a comprehensive assessment of trends in the development of education. It has been established that the key areas of modernisation are the implementation of the European Credit Transfer System, ensuring the quality of education through the activities of the National Agency for Higher Education Quality Assurance, the development of academic mobility through participation in programmes such as Erasmus+ and Horizon Europe, and the integration of digital technologies into the educational process. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive analysis of the synergy between digitalisation and European integration as factors in the transformation of the educational process. It has been demonstrated that the implementation of innovative approaches contributes to the development of digital and civic competences, enhances the competitiveness of graduates, and facilitates Ukraine’s integration into the international educational space.

LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AS AN INSTITUTIONAL FACTOR IN THE RESILIENCE OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN WARTIMES

2026-06-03T14:34:10+00:00

Summary The article examines local self-government as an institutional factor in the resilience of territorial communities under wartime conditions. The study emphasizes that, during the fullscale Russian-Ukrainian war, territorial communities have become a basic level for ensuring public safety, access to essential services, social support, and the continuity of everyday life. The role of local self-government bodies is considered through their practical capacity to maintain municipal infrastructure, support healthcare, education and social protection institutions, organize assistance for internally displaced persons, and interact with military administrations, civil protection services, volunteer organizations, businesses, and international partners. The article identifies the main areas in which local self-government contributes to community resilience. These include ensuring the functioning of critical and municipal infrastructure, organizing basic services for the population, responding to security challenges and emergencies, restoring damaged facilities, mobilizing financial and humanitarian resources, developing international cooperation, and maintaining effective communication with residents. Particular attention is paid to the budgetary and financial dimension of local governance, the importance of humanitarian assistance, and the role of partnerships with the civil society sector and local businesses. It is concluded that the resilience of territorial communities depends not only on material and financial resources, but also on the quality of local coordination, the level of trust in local authorities, the availability of reliable communication channels, and the ability to unite residents around common tasks. Local self-government is therefore presented not merely as an administrative mechanism, but as a practical governance system that supports community functionality, social cohesion, crisis adaptation, and the foundations for post-war recovery

UKRAINE’S INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE WAR: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

2026-06-03T14:42:22+00:00

The article examines Ukraine’s industrial policy in the context of the full-scale Russian- Ukrainian war, focusing on the destruction of industrial capacity, institutional barriers to policy implementation, the growing role of the defense-industrial complex, and the prospects for post-war industrial recovery. The study emphasizes that industrial policy under wartime conditions cannot be limited to economic regulation, as it becomes directly connected with national security, technological autonomy, energy resilience, logistics, employment, and the ability of the state to maintain long-term economic stability. The article substantiates that the main challenges for Ukraine’s industrial development include the loss and damage of production facilities, disruption of logistics chains, energy risks, shortage of qualified personnel, limited access to financial resources, and insufficient coordination between state institutions, local authorities, business, and the scientific and educational sector. Special attention is paid to the need to transform fragmented anti-crisis measures into a coherent long-term industrial strategy. It is argued that the defense-industrial complex should become one of the key priorities of wartime industrial policy, combining state planning, private initiative, innovation, and international cooperation. The article also analyzes the importance of European integration and international support for Ukraine’s industrial recovery. Integration into European production chains, adaptation to EU standards, technological partnerships, investment programs, and risk insurance mechanisms are considered essential preconditions for the modernization of Ukrainian industry. The study concludes that Ukraine needs a new model of industrial policy based on innovation, digitalization, energy efficiency, localization of production, human capital development, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and the strengthening of institutional capacity

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF THE OPERATION OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS WITH SPECIFIC TRAINING CONDITIONS AND ITS ADAPTATION IN UKRAINE

2026-06-03T14:56:34+00:00

The article examines foreign experience of the operation of higher education institutions with specific training conditions and identifies directions of its adaptation in Ukraine. It has been established that the foreign experience of higher education institutions (HEIs) with specific training conditions (military, police, security academies) is based on practical orientation, intensive physical and psychological training, as well as a combination of military discipline with academic freedom. The key aspects of foreign practices of higher education institutions (HEIs) with specific training conditions include: 1) training models (Police and Security), which include practical orientation – in the EU and the USA, training often involves 90% of the time being spent on practical training (tactics, simulations, shooting) and only 10% on theoretical classes; introduction of simulation training technologies – active use of virtual reality (VR) and interactive scenarios for training in stressful situations; psychological resilience – much attention is paid to psychological support and building resilience to prevent professional burnout. It has been established that the international integration of Ukrainian HEIs with specific training conditions is seen in the following: Ukrainian HEIs with specific training conditions (military, police, security academies) should join the European Security and Defense College (ESDC) network, which allows implementing EU standards; the need to study international humanitarian law (IHL) – mandatory and in-depth training on the rules of warfare, protection of civilians and reporting on war crimes; strengthening psychological support for cadets, increasing the share of simulation training methods, further implementation of integrity standards (DCF) in the educational process.

VECTORITY OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE EMPIRE AS A FORM OF STATE SYSTEM

2026-06-03T15:01:57+00:00

The article is of a scientific-research nature and is devoted to the analysis of modern vectors of development of empire as a form of state structure in the conditions of globalization and transformation of political systems. The subject of the study is the empire as a political model and legal form of state structure of a country, which, despite its historical heritage, demonstrates signs of adaptation and rethinking in the modern international context. The article examines the main approaches to the analysis of imperialism and modernization, as well as their connection with contemporary global challenges and digital transformations of society and state institutions. The purpose of the study is to identify conceptual transformations of imperial structures and mechanisms of their functioning in the present. The research was carried out using dialectical, formal-legal, structural-functional, and comparative-legal methods The originality of the study lies in the attempt to carry out a comparative analysis of modern imperial strategies within the international political space. The modern world is rapidly transforming under the influence of digital technologies, globalization and socio-economic changes. So, on the one hand, technological progress promises new opportunities for humanity. On the other hand, there is a threat of the digital environment becoming an instrument of control, repression and neocolonial expansion. The practical value of the study lies in creating an analytical basis for further research into imperial forms of state structure and power, their impact on global security and political and legal stability

LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AS AN ACTOR IN ENSURING THE RESILIENCE OF UKRAINE’S HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

2026-06-03T15:13:16+00:00

The article examines local self-government as an important institutional actor in ensuring the resilience of Ukraine’s healthcare system under conditions of contemporary security, social, demographic, and institutional challenges. The study substantiates that the resilience of the healthcare system cannot be reduced solely to centralized state policy, the availability of medical infrastructure, or the volume of financial resources. It is also determined by the capacity of territorial communities to preserve the continuity of medical services, adapt to crisis conditions, mobilize local resources, and respond to the specific needs of the population. Particular attention is paid to the institutional and legal status of local self-government in the healthcare sector. Local self-government bodies are considered not only as owners or founders of municipal healthcare institutions, but also as actors of local health policy, financial partners, coordinators, and representatives of community interests. The article emphasizes that decentralization has expanded the managerial opportunities of territorial communities, while also increasing their responsibility for the quality, accessibility, and sustainability of basic healthcare services. The article analyzes the role of territorial communities in ensuring access to primary healthcare, transport and physical accessibility, financial support for vulnerable groups, human resource capacity, digital accessibility, and the adaptation of services to wartime needs. It is argued that under martial law the functions of local self-government have acquired a crisis-management and security-oriented character, especially in relation to the restoration of damaged medical infrastructure, the support of internally displaced persons, the provision of rehabilitation and psychological assistance, and coordination with military administrations, humanitarian organizations, and state institutions.

“TRAUMATIC MYTHS” IN JEWISH AND ISRAELI NATIONAL/ NATIONALISTIC DISCOURSE

2026-06-03T15:19:40+00:00

“Political myth”, despite the certain vagueness and ambiguity of the concept, is one of sufficiently popular areas of political research. According to common opinion, among “political myths” a special role is played by the so-called historical myths, national/nationalist myths, and finally traumatic myths, the role of which is poorly researched. So, the relevance of the research is due primarily to the fact that the role of “traumatic myths” in political discourse, and in particular in national/nationalist discourse, is an understudied topic. Although a role of some “traumatic myths” in Jewish and Israeli national/nationalist discourse (for example, the Masada myth and the “Shoah” or “Holocaust”) has been relatively well-studied, in our opinion, most of these researches lack the attachment to general theoretical framework. So, the purpose of the study is to reveal the role of “traumatic myths” in Jewish and Israeli national/nationalistic discourse. The research is based on systemic, interdisciplinary and discursive approaches. Also were applied general scientific methods: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, comparison and analogy, generalization and abstraction, as well as special scientific methods, including descriptive and problem-chronological methods, methods of deconstruction and reconstruction, etc.

TRAINING COACHES IN AERIAL DISCIPLINES: PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

2026-06-03T15:26:27+00:00

The rapid development of aerial disciplines, including aerial silks, aerial hoop, and aerial pole, has generated increasing demand for highly qualified coaches capable of delivering safe, effective, and pedagogically grounded instruction. Contemporary coach education in aerial sports extends beyond the transmission of technical skills and increasingly incorporates structured progression models, biomechanics, injury prevention, technology-enhanced teaching, and internationally recognized standards. This article examines the principal directions in the professional preparation of coaches in aerial disciplines, with particular attention to pedagogical innovations, structured progression in technical training, and the integration of international certification and safety frameworks. The analysis demonstrates that the professionalization of aerial coaching depends on a combination of progressive teaching methodologies, continuous professional development, global standardization, and collaborative knowledge exchange. These factors contribute not only to improved athlete outcomes, but also to the long-term legitimacy and sustainability of aerial disciplines within the broader field of sport and physical culture.

MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY IN ONTOGENESIS: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGICAL REGULARITIES AND PATHOPSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

2026-06-03T15:54:35+00:00

У цій статті розглядається психічний розвиток особистості в онтогенезі крізь призму загальних психологічних закономірностей та патопсихологічних розладів. Дослідження ґрунтується на розумінні того, що розвиток особистості – це безперервний, поетапний процес, що формується взаємодією біологічних передумов, соціального середовища, освіти, виховання та індивідуальної діяльності. Особлива увага приділяється загальним психологічним закономірностям формування особистості, включаючи етапність розвитку, зростаючу роль самосвідомості, мислення, саморегуляції та вплив соціалізації на формування образу «Я» та адаптивної поведінки. У статті також аналізується розвиток особистості як багатовимірний процес, що включає інтелектуальні, емоційні, поведінкові та ціннісні трансформації в різні вікові періоди. Крім того, у статті розглядається ризик патопсихологічних порушень, які можуть виникнути за несприятливих умов розвитку. Підкреслюється, що емоційна нестабільність, дезадаптація, поведінкова дисрегуляція та порушення міжособистісного функціонування можуть бути результатом взаємодії між віковими завданнями розвитку, індивідуальною вразливістю та несприятливими соціальними впливами. Особлива увага приділяється дитинству, підлітковому віку та юності як найбільш чутливим періодам для порушень психічного здоров'я. У статті зроблено висновок, що вивчення психічного розвитку в онтогенезі вимагає комплексного підходу, що поєднує вікову психологію, психологію особистості та патопсихологію, щоб зрозуміти як нормативні закономірності розвитку, так і механізми їх порушення.

CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF INDIVIDUALIZATION BASED ON STRENGTH, SPEED, AND COORDINATION CHARACTERISTICS

2026-06-03T16:08:19+00:00

The study for the first time identified and classified a complete group of seven typical fighting styles in modern freestyle wrestling: "power", "game", "distance-tempo", "clincher", "hold-tempo", "high-reliability", and "even-developed". Each style is represented through a complex of model characteristics that combine five fundamental groups of parameters: morphological features (mass-height indices and body proportions), psychological qualities (creativity, discipline, psycho-emotional stability), the level of special physical and technical-tactical fitness, and kinematic characteristics of a competitive match (reliability of attack and defense, effectiveness in standing and parterre positions). A theoretical model of style genesis was scientifically substantiated, explaining the formation of new combat manners through the emergence effect when combining and dominating certain motor qualities in combination with the athlete's physique and psyche. It was established that transitional forms of styles are formed due to the transformation of basic properties, where success is achieved through specific compensatory mechanisms and the realization of individual advantages. It was proven that the "favorite technique" constitutes the core of the individual style structure, the choice of which directly correlates with the topography of muscle strength and anthropometric parameters. A method for the objectification of technical mastery control was introduced using patented training devices. The device for practicing the "rolling turn" (nakat) allows for a quantitative assessment of the mannequin's compression force, maximum torque, and execution time, while the "shvung" device provides measurements of explosive power, force, and speed of preparatory actions. A strategic three-stage individualization algorithm was proposed: the stage of predisposition detection (up to 1 year), the stage of style formation (4.5–5.5 years), and the stage of perfection throughout the entire sports career. Objective criteria for predicting development were established: a correlation coefficient r > 0.3 indicates a predisposition to a style, while r > 0.5 indicates its final formation. The effectiveness of the approach was experimentally confirmed: in the experimental group, the number of wrestlers with a high degree of style formation increased by 52.4%, and the average degree of compliance with model fitness profiles increased by 45.2%. The reliability of the method was confirmed by its coincidence with expert evaluations of leading coaches in 94.4% of cases. Objective. The research aims to develop and scientifically substantiate a holistic system of individualization for wrestlers' preparation, based on the dialectical unity of an athlete's natural predispositions and the requirements of modern competitive activity under conditions of constant intensification of Olympic sports and frequent changes in competition rules. Conclusions. Implementation of a holistic individualization system based on typical styles allows for a transition from a subjective search for a fighting manner to a scientifically managed process of training. This ensures the maximum realization of the wrestler's natural potential, minimizes errors in the selection of promising cadet and junior athletes, and significantly increases wrestlers' competitiveness in elite sports