Three Seas Economic Journal

THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AN ENTERPRISE

Vasyl Hoichuk — 2024-07-12

The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of strategic human capital management (SHCM) on the competitiveness of enterprises. This study aims to determine how aligning human resource (HR) practices with organisational goals and objectives can improve organisational performance and create a sustainable competitive advantage. Methodology. This research uses a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. Primary data was collected through surveys and interviews with HR managers and executives from a range of industries. Secondary data included a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies of organisations that have successfully implemented SHCM strategies. Statistical analysis was used to identify correlations between SHCM practices and measures of competitiveness such as market share, financial performance and innovation capacity. Results. The findings suggest that strategic management of human capital significantly enhances organisational competitiveness. Key practices such as strategic alignment of HR policies, effective talent acquisition and retention, continuous employee development, and the implementation of innovative HR technologies were found to be strongly correlated with improved organisational performance. Specifically, organisations that prioritised SHCM experienced higher employee engagement, increased productivity and greater market adaptability. Practical implications. The practical implications of this study suggest that organisations should integrate SHCM into their overall business strategy to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Organisations are recommended to regularly review and adapt their HR strategies to align them with changing business objectives. Implementing comprehensive training programmes, fostering a motivating work environment and embracing diversity and inclusion are essential to maintaining a competitive edge. In addition, the use of advanced HR technologies can optimise workforce management and improve decision-making processes. Value/Originality. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical evidence on the positive impact of SHCM on firm competitiveness. It highlights the multifaceted role of human capital in driving organisational success and provides actionable insights for practitioners and policy makers. The originality of this research lies in its holistic examination of SHCM practices across different industries and its emphasis on the strategic integration of HR management with business objectives. This study underlines the critical importance of human capital as a key determinant of competitive advantage in the modern business landscape.

STRATEGY FOR INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TESLA ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Nataliia Levchenko — 2024-07-12

The purpose of the paper is to develop a strategy to increase the competitiveness of Tesla's electric car in the market, including an analysis of possible competitors, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the company, identifying opportunities for improvement and formulating recommendations for further development. It is proven that people are increasingly choosing environmentally friendly vehicles that use alternative energy sources. It was found that one of the leaders in the electric car segment is "Tesla". By releasing new models, Tesla has repeatedly changed the rules of the game in the electric vehicle market, taking leading positions in all ratings. Research methodology. To achieve this goal, the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of statistical analysis of indicators, the method of theoretical generalisation and methods of economic analysis were used. The main advantages and disadvantages of electric vehicles, in particular the Tesla car, are investigated. The strengths and weaknesses, internal resources and capabilities of Tesla and its main competitors are analysed using SWOT analysis, VRIO analysis and Porter's 5 forces analysis. The analysis showed that Tesla has several strengths, such as the production of its own components, direct sales to customers and a strong brand. However, frequent production delays, a high-price strategy, and limited production volume pose challenges for the company. It is determined that an influential figure for the tesla brand is the eccentric and widely known public image of Elon Musk. The total sales of electric vehicles are also analysed and Tesla's main competitor is identified. The results of the study show that there is a great deal of competition in the electric vehicle market, which emphasises the need for Tesla to actively develop and update its strategy. Priority areas for improving the competitiveness of the Tesla electric vehicle are proposed. In particular, it was proposed to: expand the network of charging stations and improve the navigation system; reduce maintenance costs and offer more affordable prices; expand production capacity; obtain permission to install turquoise warning lights on its cars; improve the autopilot function; continue to create exquisite car designs that will be different from others.

UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE MARKET CONDITIONS AND IT’S PRACTICAL USE IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY

Bogdana Vyshnivska — 2024-07-12

The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of the unmanned aerial vehicles market in the world, to review the classifications of unmanned aerial vehicles by type of construction, size, purpose, range, and to forecast trends in the development of their use in various fields of activity. Based on the analysis of the use of modern technologies for the production and transportation of goods, the author proposes to investigate the logistical possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter – UAVs) as delivery vehicles, including their technical and technological capabilities in the analysis. Based on the study of the drone market, taking into account the existing limitations and prospects for the development of the UAV market, the authors of the article aim to develop technological recommendations to ensure promptness in time, efficiency in terms of cost of delivery of the required goods. The logistics component of the study involves building consistent chains of interaction between market participants of this service in time, delivery method and payment sequence, depending on the stage and status of delivery of goods. The study also aims to develop recommendations to improve the efficiency and safety of UAV delivery, and to generalize the advantages of delivering goods by drones over similar consumer actions by purchasing them themselves in a retail network or on the manufacturer's field using their own vehicles. It is also necessary to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of delivering food products using UAVs in terms of their safety during transportation and to identify areas for further research and development to improve the safety and reliability of UAVs. Methodology. The study uses a monographic method of researching scientific knowledge based on analysis and synthesis. The use of traditional economic methods of systemic and comparative analysis made it possible to structure the objects of research according to their existing characteristics. The review of scientific publications, technical reports, patents and other sources of information allowed the authors of the article, as economists, to draw certain technical conclusions on UAVs, and on the basis of their basic conclusions, to draw conclusions regarding the safety, reliability and efficiency of using drones to provide food services to consumers. Research results. The authors propose the scientific idea of further studying the technical, technological, socio-economic components of the use of drones for further experiments and development of improved new approaches to such services. Thus, the use of a systematic, comprehensive methodological approach will allow us to obtain a comprehensive picture of the effectiveness and safety of UAVs for food delivery. Practical implications. The use of UAVs in the delivery of food and agricultural products has the potential to significantly change the logistics industry by providing fast, reliable and environmentally friendly solutions for the delivery of goods. Value/originality. Based on the study, the authors formulate conclusions and recommendations that may also be useful in developing programs and measures to counter climate challenges and aimed at sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in peacetime.

IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL QUALITY STANDARDS FOR HEALTH-CARE SERVICES

Olena Martynyuk — 2024-07-12

At the contemporary stage of development of the global healthcare industry, improving the quality of medical care is the main goal and the main criterion for assessing its effectiveness. Therefore, ensuring the high quality of medical care and medical services is the responsibility of healthcare authorities, managers of healthcare facilities of any form of ownership and all medical professionals. An important mechanism for achieving this in the modern world is standardisation as a key tool for quality management. The purpose of this article is to study the existing international healthcare standards, analyse the state of standardisation in the healthcare sector as a basic element of providing quality medical and pharmaceutical care to the population, and to identify opportunities for implementing the best standards in the practice of the healthcare system in Ukraine. The findings of the study show that international service quality standards are the most important frameworks developed and maintained by international organisations to ensure consistency, reliability and security across industries. All these standards are aimed at increasing customer satisfaction, operational efficiency and international competitiveness. Keeping these standards up-to-date and compliant is essential to meet customer expectations and regulatory requirements in today's ever-changing globalised world. By systematising scientific research, the authors have established that the transformation of the healthcare system in Ukraine will be successful if the most significant domestic achievements in the healthcare sector are rationally combined with the world's best practices and international standards, the principles of healthcare contained in international human rights instruments, and the principles and norms that define the content and scope of human rights in the healthcare sector that Ukraine must implement. Moreover, it is essential to establish the world's best practices in the field of treatment of major diseases, principles of medical services, and training of staff, which will help to achieve the necessary improvement in the quality of medical care in the context of the development of the medical system of Ukraine. It is determined that in the process of adaptation of national legislation to the regulations of the European Union, all ISO 9000 standards were adopted in Ukraine as national standards and their implementation in everyday activities, including in the healthcare sector, was organised. Considering all of the abovementioned, the System of Implementation of International Quality Standards for Healthcare Services is proposed. The standards are divided into international, national, sectoral, regional and local standards by the scope of influence. According to the Donabedian triad, the objects of influence are: resources, processes and outcomes of healthcare. The types of standards are grouped by object, and the mechanisms of influence on the quality of standardisation are defined: Licensing of healthcare facilities, Accreditation of healthcare facilities, Certification of healthcare professionals. The ways of implementing international standards can be defined as direct, indirect, doctrinal and institutional, so the regulatory and legal mechanisms will operate through laws that have already been ratified in Ukraine. For example, the Law of Ukraine ‘On the State Programme for Adaptation of Ukrainian Legislation to the Legislation of the European Union’ allows for the formation of action chains for the implementation and reform of the Ukrainian healthcare system.

FUNCTIONING OF THE INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF PERMANENT CRISIS PHENOMENA

Tetiana Stroiko — 2024-07-12

The issue of the functioning of Ukraine's innovative infrastructure is of particular importance. The purpose of the article is to study modern aspects of the functioning of innovative infrastructure of Ukraine in crisis conditions. Increasing the efficiency of innovative infrastructure in conditions of permanent crisis phenomena requires a comprehensive approach, which includes support for scientific research, development of innovation clusters, use of digital technologies, flexible regulation, internationalization of activities, support for startups and adaptation to crisis conditions. Only comprehensive and coordinated actions at the state and business levels can ensure sustainable development of the national economy and its innovative potential. Theoretical aspects of innovative infrastructure research are justified. It has been established that innovation infrastructure is a multifaceted concept that encompasses a wide range of resources and institutions that support innovation activity. In the European literature, this concept is revealed in detail through various aspects, including technical, financial and organizational components. An important characteristic of innovative infrastructure is its ability to adapt and develop in conditions of constant changes and crises. Innovation infrastructure is a multifaceted concept that encompasses a wide range of resources and institutions that support innovation activity. In the European literature, this concept is revealed in detail through various aspects, including technical, financial and organizational components. An important characteristic of innovative infrastructure is its ability to adapt and develop in conditions of constant changes and crises. In general, the war significantly increased the processes of degradation of innovative ecosystems in Ukraine, and primarily among industrial small and medium-sized businesses. Many innovative enterprises of small and medium-sized businesses worked on export markets before the war – today they are also lost or frozen. Dozens of participants in the innovation ecosystem – universities, research institutes, incubators – accelerators, business associations, development agencies, etc. – also went into survival mode. At the same time, the war gave Ukraine enormous attention and support from the EU and the international community. Therefore, the country has new opportunities in the future, the only question is whether it will be able to implement them effectively.

THE ROLE OF PERSONNEL STRATEGY IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Oleksandr Cherep — 2024-07-12

The purpose of this article is to study the role of personnel strategy in improving the efficiency of industrial enterprises, ensuring the growth of the level of social and economic security, as well as the formation of areas for increasing the efficiency of enterprises under the conditions of the variability of the market environment, digitalization. The article provides an overview of scientists’ approaches to defining the concept of personnel strategy; operational performance of enterprise activity was investigated; the impact of employees’ work and the results of enterprise operation were determined; the problems of enterprises that should be considered during the implementation of personnel strategy have been outlined; recommendations for the use of personnel strategies at industrial enterprises have been generated. Methodology. The study used general scientific methods of research for the purpose of achieving the established goal and performing the missions, namely: generalization and comparison; economic and statistical; analysis and synthesis, systematization. The use of methods of generalization and comparison affords the possibility to investigate scientists’ vision of the "personnel strategy" concept and to systematize the study findings. Economic and statistical methods open the way to analyzing and comparing performance indicators of enterprises and employees. The use of analysis and synthesis confers the possibility to form a general idea about the role of personnel strategy in improving the effectiveness of industrial enterprises, as well as to generate relevant recommendations. The systematization of references and findings obtained made it possible to outline the problems of enterprises, to generate recommendations for the use of personnel strategies at enterprises. Findings. It has been proven that the implementation of a personnel strategy is an important task for enterprises, which will allow to increase the efficiency of the work of employees and ensure the growth of operational performance of industrial enterprises. According to the results of the study of operational performance of industrial enterprises of Ukraine, the impact of the work of employees on the results of the functioning of the enterprises, the issues of the enterprises were determined. The challenges of enterprises cover the lack of a unit responsible for the implementation of personnel strategy, the lack of resource provision and software products, personnel management systems, incentive, personnel selection, and the loss of qualified personnel. It has been noted that the formation and implementation of a personnel strategy is arbitrary, which requires the creation of appropriate conditions and will allow to improve the personnel policy of the enterprise and reorganize the personnel management process. Practical implications. The use of personnel strategy at industrial enterprises will open the way to increasing the efficiency of personnel management, deployment of employees, improving the expected work outcomes, which will contribute to the growth of profitability, financial stability, and the level of safety of industrial enterprises. Continuation of the study will afford the possibility to form and test personnel strategy at enterprises. Significance/authenticity. The paper outlines the problems of enterprises in the area of the deployment of employees and offers action-oriented recommendations for the application of personnel strategies at industrial enterprises, areas for increasing the efficiency of their work. The use of the formed recommendations will open the door for the implementation of a personnel strategy, which will ensure the rational deployment of employees, their management and the cohesion of the work of employees.