CONNECTION OF THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION WITH SELF-ESTEEM AND ANXIETY OF STUDENTS
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Published:
Jun 30, 2023
Abstract
The goal of the paper is to investigate connection of academic achievement motivation with aspects of self-esteem and anxiety. Hypothesis: Academic achievement motivation is connected with selfesteem and also with anxiety of students. Participants: 107 international students aged 19-55. Results: Academic achievement motivation was connected with global, state, performance, social and appearance SE. Academic achievement motivation was also connected with general, trait and state anxiety. Conclusion: Self-esteem and anxiety are significant elements in formation of academic achievement motivation.
How to Cite
Nietosniitty, J. (2023). CONNECTION OF THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION WITH SELF-ESTEEM AND ANXIETY OF STUDENTS. Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, (2), 26-39. https://doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2023-2-4
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Keywords
academic achievement motivation, anxiety, self-esteem
References
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7. Alpert, R., & Haber, R. N. (1960). Anxiety in academic achievement situations. The Journal of abnormal and social psychology, 61(2), 207.
8. Atkinson, J.W. (1974). Motivational determinants of intellective performance and cumulative achievement. In J.W. Atkinson & J.O. Raynor (Eds.), Motivation and achievement. Washington, D.C.: V.H. Winston & Sons.
9. Awad, G. H. (2007). The role of racial identity, academic self-concept, and self-esteem in the prediction of academic outcomes for African American students. Journal of Black Psychology, 33(2), 188-207.
10. Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control.
11. Basco, L. M., & Han, S. H. (2016). Self-esteem, motivation, and anxiety of Korean university students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 7(6), 1069.
12. Branden, N. (1969). The psychology of self-esteem. California, Jossey-Bass in New World Encyclopedia https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Self-esteem, retrieved in 22.5.2021
13. Bjørnebekk, G., Diseth, Å., & Ulriksen, R. (2013). Achievement motives, self-efficacy, achievement goals, and academic achievement at multiple stages of education: A longitudinal analysis. Psychological reports, 112(3), 771-787.
14. Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. (1993). Beck anxiety inventory. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.
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16. Brown, J. D., Dutton, K. A., & Cook, K. E. (2001). From the top down: Self-esteem and self-evaluation. Cognition and emotion, 15(5), 615-631.
17. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1988). A control-process perspective on anxiety. Anxiety Research, 1(1), 17-22.
18. Cast, A. D., & Burke, P. J. (2002). A theory of self-esteem. Social forces, 80(3), 1041-1068.
19. Chapman, J. W., Lambourne, R., & Silva, P. A. (1990). Some antecedents of academic self‐concept: A longitudinal study. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 60(2), 142-152.
20. Cheung, H. Y., & Chan, A. W. (2009). The effect of education on life satisfaction across countries. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 55(1).
21. Di Giunta, L., Alessandri, G., Gerbino, M., Kanacri, P. L., Zuffiano, A., & Caprara, G. V. (2013). The determinants of scholastic achievement: The contribution of personality traits, self-esteem, and academic self-efficacy. Learning and individual Differences, 27, 102-108.
22. El-Anzi, F. O. (2005). Academic achievement and its relationship with anxiety, self-esteem, optimism, and pessimism in Kuwaiti students. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 33(1), 95-104.
23. Ellis, P. D. (2010). The essential guide to effect sizes: Statistical power, meta-analysis, and the interpretation of research results. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
24. Eysenck, H. (1957). The dynamics of anxiety and hysteria. NY: Praeger.
25. Eysenck, M. W. (2000). A cognitive approach to trait anxiety. European Journal of Personality, 14(5), 463-476.
26. Fathi-Ashtiani, A., Ejei, J., Khodapanahi, M. K., & Tarkhorani, H. (2007). Relationship between self-concept, self-esteem, anxiety, depression and academic achievement in adolescents. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(7), 955-1000.
27. Gage, N., & Berliner, D. (1992). Educational psychology (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
28. Grooms, R. R., & Endler, N. S. (1960). The effect of anxiety on academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 51(5), 299–304.
29. Hansford, B., Hattie, J. (1982). The relationship between self and achievement / performance measures. Review of Educational Research, 52(1), 123-142.
30. Harmon-Jones, E., Simon, L., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., & McGregor, H. (1997). Terror management theory and self-esteem: Evidence that increased self-esteem reduced mortality salience effects. Journal of personality and social psychology, 72(1), 24.
31. Heatherton, T. F., & Polivy, J. (1991). Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 60(6), 895.
32. Huitt, W. (2004). Self-concept and self-esteem. Educational psychology interactive, 1, 1-5.
33. Hustinx, P. W., Kuyper, H., van der Werf, M. P., & Dijkstra, P. (2009). Achievement motivation revisited: New longitudinal data to demonstrate its predictive power. Educational Psychology, 29(5), 561-582.
34. Khan, Z., Haider, Z., Ahmad, N., & Khan, S. (2011). Sports achievement motivation and sports competition anxiety: A relationship study. Journal of Education and Practice, 2(4), 1-5.
35. Lawrence, A. S., & Vimala, A. (2013). Self-Concept and Achievement Motivation of High School Students. Online Submission, 1(1), 141-146.
36. Liem, G. A. D., & Martin, A. J. (2012). The motivation and engagement scale: Theoretical framework, psychometric properties, and applied yields. Australian Psychologist, 47(1), 3-13.
37. Maleki, B., Mohammadzadeh, H., SeyedAmeri, M., & Sani, S. Z. (2011). The relationship between self-esteem and achievement motivation among successful and unsuccessful athletes in east Azarbaijan province. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences, 7(1).
38. Marsh, H. W., & O'Mara, A. (2008). Reciprocal effects between academic self-concept, self-esteem, achievement, and attainment over seven adolescent years: Unidimensional and multidimensional perspectives of self-concept. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(4), 542-552.
39. Marsh, H. W., & Martin, A. J. (2011). Academic self‐concept and academic achievement: Relations and causal ordering. British journal of educational psychology, 81(1), 59-77.
40. Martin, A. J., Anderson, J., Bobis, J., Way, J., & Vellar, R. (2012). Switching on and switching off in mathematics: An ecological study of future intent and disengagement among middle school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(1), 1–18.
41. Martin, A.J. (2021). The Motivation and Engagement Scale (20th Edition). Sydney, Australia: Lifelong Achievement Group.
42. Massar, S. A., Mol, N. M., Kenemans, J. L., & Baas, J. M. (2011). Attentional bias in high-and low-anxious individuals: Evidence for threat-induced effects on engagement and disengagement. Cognition & emotion, 25(5), 805-817.
43. McClelland, D. C., Atkinson, J. W., Clark, R. A., & Lowell, E. L. (1953). The achievement motive. New York: Appleton Century-Crofts.
44. McClelland, David C. (1961). The Achieving Society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
45. Mehrabian, A. (1994). Individual differences in achieving tendency: Review of evidence bearing on a questionnaire measure. Current psychology, 13(4), 351-364.
46. Nwankwo, B. E., Obi, T. C., & Agu, S. A. (2013). Relationship between self-esteem and achievement motivation among undergraduates in South Eastern Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 13(5), 102-106.
47. Olaoye, O. T., & Olaoye, D. D. (2018). Assessment of Self-esteem, Locus of Control and Achievement Motivation of Female Students in Kwara State Colleges of Education, Nigeria. Educational Process: International Journal, 7(3), 209.
48. Ozrudi, M. B. F., & Matmask, E. A. (2019). A Survey of Self-esteem among Successful and Unsuccessful Student Athletes and this relationship by Achievement Motivation. Asian Exercise and Sport Science Journal, 3(1), 1-7.
49. Pavlov I. (1927) Conditioned Reflexes, London: Oxford University Press.
50. Robbins, S. B., Lauver, K., Le, H., Davis, D., Langley, R., & Carlstrom, A. (2004). Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes? A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 130(2), 261.
51. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). Acceptance and commitment therapy. Measures package, 61(52), 18.
52. Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global self-esteem and specific self-esteem: Different concepts, different outcomes. American sociological review, 141-156.
53. Sabti, A. A., Md Rashid, S., Nimehchisalem, V., & Darmi, R. (2019). The Impact of writing anxiety, writing achievement motivation, and writing self-efficacy on writing performance: A correlational study of Iraqi tertiary EFL Learners. SAGE open, 9(4), 2158244019894289.
54. Spielberger, C. D. (1962). The effects of manifest anxiety on the academic achievement of college students. Mental Hygiene. New York.
55. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
56. Stryzhak, O. (2020). The relationship between education, income, economic freedom and happiness. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 75, p. 03004). EDP Sciences.
57. Topçu, S., & Leana-Taşcılar, M. Z. (2018). The role of motivation and self-esteem in the academic achievement of Turkish gifted students. Gifted Education International, 34(1), 3-18.
58. Trautwein, U., Lüdtke, O., Köller, O., & Baumert, J. (2006). Self-esteem, academic self-concept, and achievement: How the learning environment moderates the dynamics of self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(2), 334–349.
59. Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(1), 205.
60. Tus, J. (2020). Self–concept, self–esteem, self–efficacy and academic performance of the senior high school students. International Journal of Research Culture Society, 4(10), 45-59.
61. Wang, H. C. (2021). Exploring the relationships of achievement motivation and state anxiety to creative writing performance in English as a foreign language. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 42, 100948.
62. Want, J., & Kleitman, S. (2006). Imposter phenomenon and self-handicapping: Links with parenting styles and self-confidence, Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 961-971.
63. Watkins, D., & Dhawan, N. (1989). Do we need to distinguish the constructs of self-concept and self-esteem?. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 4(5), 555.
64. Weiner, B. (1974). Achievement motivation and attribution theory. Morristown, N.J.: General Learning Press.
65. Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (2000). Expectancy–value theory of achievement motivation. Contemporary educational psychology, 25(1), 68-81.
2. American Psychological Association. (2022a). Achievement motivation. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved May 8, 2022, from https://dictionary.apa.org/achievement-motivation
3. American Psychological Association. (2022b). Self-concept. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved May 8, 2022, from https://dictionary.apa.org/self-concept
4. American Psychological Association. (2021c). Self-esteem. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved May 8, 2021, from https://dictionary.apa.org/self-esteem
5. American Psychological Association. (2021d). Anxiety. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved May 9, 2021, from https://dictionary.apa.org/anxiety
6. Akbaş, A., & Adnan, K. A. N. (2007). Affective factors that influence chemistry achievement (motivation and anxiety) and the power of these factors to predict chemistry achievement-II. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 4(1), 10-19.
7. Alpert, R., & Haber, R. N. (1960). Anxiety in academic achievement situations. The Journal of abnormal and social psychology, 61(2), 207.
8. Atkinson, J.W. (1974). Motivational determinants of intellective performance and cumulative achievement. In J.W. Atkinson & J.O. Raynor (Eds.), Motivation and achievement. Washington, D.C.: V.H. Winston & Sons.
9. Awad, G. H. (2007). The role of racial identity, academic self-concept, and self-esteem in the prediction of academic outcomes for African American students. Journal of Black Psychology, 33(2), 188-207.
10. Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control.
11. Basco, L. M., & Han, S. H. (2016). Self-esteem, motivation, and anxiety of Korean university students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 7(6), 1069.
12. Branden, N. (1969). The psychology of self-esteem. California, Jossey-Bass in New World Encyclopedia https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Self-esteem, retrieved in 22.5.2021
13. Bjørnebekk, G., Diseth, Å., & Ulriksen, R. (2013). Achievement motives, self-efficacy, achievement goals, and academic achievement at multiple stages of education: A longitudinal analysis. Psychological reports, 112(3), 771-787.
14. Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. (1993). Beck anxiety inventory. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.
15. Bhatt, S., & Bahadur, A. (2018). Role of Self Esteem & Self Efficacy in Achievement Motivation among College Students. The International Journal of Indian Psychology. 6(2), 5-13.
16. Brown, J. D., Dutton, K. A., & Cook, K. E. (2001). From the top down: Self-esteem and self-evaluation. Cognition and emotion, 15(5), 615-631.
17. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1988). A control-process perspective on anxiety. Anxiety Research, 1(1), 17-22.
18. Cast, A. D., & Burke, P. J. (2002). A theory of self-esteem. Social forces, 80(3), 1041-1068.
19. Chapman, J. W., Lambourne, R., & Silva, P. A. (1990). Some antecedents of academic self‐concept: A longitudinal study. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 60(2), 142-152.
20. Cheung, H. Y., & Chan, A. W. (2009). The effect of education on life satisfaction across countries. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 55(1).
21. Di Giunta, L., Alessandri, G., Gerbino, M., Kanacri, P. L., Zuffiano, A., & Caprara, G. V. (2013). The determinants of scholastic achievement: The contribution of personality traits, self-esteem, and academic self-efficacy. Learning and individual Differences, 27, 102-108.
22. El-Anzi, F. O. (2005). Academic achievement and its relationship with anxiety, self-esteem, optimism, and pessimism in Kuwaiti students. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 33(1), 95-104.
23. Ellis, P. D. (2010). The essential guide to effect sizes: Statistical power, meta-analysis, and the interpretation of research results. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
24. Eysenck, H. (1957). The dynamics of anxiety and hysteria. NY: Praeger.
25. Eysenck, M. W. (2000). A cognitive approach to trait anxiety. European Journal of Personality, 14(5), 463-476.
26. Fathi-Ashtiani, A., Ejei, J., Khodapanahi, M. K., & Tarkhorani, H. (2007). Relationship between self-concept, self-esteem, anxiety, depression and academic achievement in adolescents. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(7), 955-1000.
27. Gage, N., & Berliner, D. (1992). Educational psychology (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
28. Grooms, R. R., & Endler, N. S. (1960). The effect of anxiety on academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 51(5), 299–304.
29. Hansford, B., Hattie, J. (1982). The relationship between self and achievement / performance measures. Review of Educational Research, 52(1), 123-142.
30. Harmon-Jones, E., Simon, L., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., & McGregor, H. (1997). Terror management theory and self-esteem: Evidence that increased self-esteem reduced mortality salience effects. Journal of personality and social psychology, 72(1), 24.
31. Heatherton, T. F., & Polivy, J. (1991). Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 60(6), 895.
32. Huitt, W. (2004). Self-concept and self-esteem. Educational psychology interactive, 1, 1-5.
33. Hustinx, P. W., Kuyper, H., van der Werf, M. P., & Dijkstra, P. (2009). Achievement motivation revisited: New longitudinal data to demonstrate its predictive power. Educational Psychology, 29(5), 561-582.
34. Khan, Z., Haider, Z., Ahmad, N., & Khan, S. (2011). Sports achievement motivation and sports competition anxiety: A relationship study. Journal of Education and Practice, 2(4), 1-5.
35. Lawrence, A. S., & Vimala, A. (2013). Self-Concept and Achievement Motivation of High School Students. Online Submission, 1(1), 141-146.
36. Liem, G. A. D., & Martin, A. J. (2012). The motivation and engagement scale: Theoretical framework, psychometric properties, and applied yields. Australian Psychologist, 47(1), 3-13.
37. Maleki, B., Mohammadzadeh, H., SeyedAmeri, M., & Sani, S. Z. (2011). The relationship between self-esteem and achievement motivation among successful and unsuccessful athletes in east Azarbaijan province. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences, 7(1).
38. Marsh, H. W., & O'Mara, A. (2008). Reciprocal effects between academic self-concept, self-esteem, achievement, and attainment over seven adolescent years: Unidimensional and multidimensional perspectives of self-concept. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(4), 542-552.
39. Marsh, H. W., & Martin, A. J. (2011). Academic self‐concept and academic achievement: Relations and causal ordering. British journal of educational psychology, 81(1), 59-77.
40. Martin, A. J., Anderson, J., Bobis, J., Way, J., & Vellar, R. (2012). Switching on and switching off in mathematics: An ecological study of future intent and disengagement among middle school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(1), 1–18.
41. Martin, A.J. (2021). The Motivation and Engagement Scale (20th Edition). Sydney, Australia: Lifelong Achievement Group.
42. Massar, S. A., Mol, N. M., Kenemans, J. L., & Baas, J. M. (2011). Attentional bias in high-and low-anxious individuals: Evidence for threat-induced effects on engagement and disengagement. Cognition & emotion, 25(5), 805-817.
43. McClelland, D. C., Atkinson, J. W., Clark, R. A., & Lowell, E. L. (1953). The achievement motive. New York: Appleton Century-Crofts.
44. McClelland, David C. (1961). The Achieving Society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
45. Mehrabian, A. (1994). Individual differences in achieving tendency: Review of evidence bearing on a questionnaire measure. Current psychology, 13(4), 351-364.
46. Nwankwo, B. E., Obi, T. C., & Agu, S. A. (2013). Relationship between self-esteem and achievement motivation among undergraduates in South Eastern Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 13(5), 102-106.
47. Olaoye, O. T., & Olaoye, D. D. (2018). Assessment of Self-esteem, Locus of Control and Achievement Motivation of Female Students in Kwara State Colleges of Education, Nigeria. Educational Process: International Journal, 7(3), 209.
48. Ozrudi, M. B. F., & Matmask, E. A. (2019). A Survey of Self-esteem among Successful and Unsuccessful Student Athletes and this relationship by Achievement Motivation. Asian Exercise and Sport Science Journal, 3(1), 1-7.
49. Pavlov I. (1927) Conditioned Reflexes, London: Oxford University Press.
50. Robbins, S. B., Lauver, K., Le, H., Davis, D., Langley, R., & Carlstrom, A. (2004). Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes? A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 130(2), 261.
51. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). Acceptance and commitment therapy. Measures package, 61(52), 18.
52. Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global self-esteem and specific self-esteem: Different concepts, different outcomes. American sociological review, 141-156.
53. Sabti, A. A., Md Rashid, S., Nimehchisalem, V., & Darmi, R. (2019). The Impact of writing anxiety, writing achievement motivation, and writing self-efficacy on writing performance: A correlational study of Iraqi tertiary EFL Learners. SAGE open, 9(4), 2158244019894289.
54. Spielberger, C. D. (1962). The effects of manifest anxiety on the academic achievement of college students. Mental Hygiene. New York.
55. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
56. Stryzhak, O. (2020). The relationship between education, income, economic freedom and happiness. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 75, p. 03004). EDP Sciences.
57. Topçu, S., & Leana-Taşcılar, M. Z. (2018). The role of motivation and self-esteem in the academic achievement of Turkish gifted students. Gifted Education International, 34(1), 3-18.
58. Trautwein, U., Lüdtke, O., Köller, O., & Baumert, J. (2006). Self-esteem, academic self-concept, and achievement: How the learning environment moderates the dynamics of self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(2), 334–349.
59. Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(1), 205.
60. Tus, J. (2020). Self–concept, self–esteem, self–efficacy and academic performance of the senior high school students. International Journal of Research Culture Society, 4(10), 45-59.
61. Wang, H. C. (2021). Exploring the relationships of achievement motivation and state anxiety to creative writing performance in English as a foreign language. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 42, 100948.
62. Want, J., & Kleitman, S. (2006). Imposter phenomenon and self-handicapping: Links with parenting styles and self-confidence, Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 961-971.
63. Watkins, D., & Dhawan, N. (1989). Do we need to distinguish the constructs of self-concept and self-esteem?. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 4(5), 555.
64. Weiner, B. (1974). Achievement motivation and attribution theory. Morristown, N.J.: General Learning Press.
65. Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (2000). Expectancy–value theory of achievement motivation. Contemporary educational psychology, 25(1), 68-81.