RESEARCH OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Published:
Jun 30, 2023
Abstract
Goal: find out if there is relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological wellbeing. Participants: 112 people aged from 18-36. Method: the research is based on comparison of levels under scales of psychological well-being and scales of emotional intelligence. Results: positive significant correlations where found between both emotional intelligence variables and psychological well-being scales. Conclusion: Detailed analysis demonstrates positive relationship between the components of emotional intelligence and psychological well-being.
How to Cite
Stepanjko, M. (2023). RESEARCH OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING. Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, (2), 62-74. https://doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2023-2-7
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Keywords
emotional intelligence, psychological well-being, eudemonism, hedonism, empathy, selfacceptance
References
1. Abdrazyakova A.M. (2002). Adaptation of the methodology for measuring psychological well-being K. Riff PWB scale.
2. American Psychological Association. (2022). Apa Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/emotional-intelligence
3. American Psychological Association. (2022). Apa Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/well-being
4. Austin, E. J., Saklofske, D. H., & Egan, V. (2005). Personality, well-being and health correlates of trait emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(3), 547–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.009
5. Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employees in flourishing organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.515
6. Balluerka, N., Gorostiaga, A., Alonso‐Arbiol, I., & Aritzeta, A. (2016). Peer attachment and Class Emotional Intelligence as predictors of adolescents' psychological well‐being: A Multilevel Approach. Journal of Adolescence, 53(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.08.009
7. Bar-On, R., & Parker, J. D. A. (Eds.). (2000). The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace. Jossey-Bass.
8. Bar-On, R., Brown, J. M., Kirkcaldy, B. D., & Thomé, E. P. (2000). Emotional expression and implications for occupational stress; an application of the emotional quotient inventory (EQ-I). Personality and Individual Differences, 28(6), 1107–1118. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00160-9
9. Berrios Martos, M. P., Augusto Landa, J. M., & Aguilar Luzón, M. del. (2006). Inteligencia emocional percibida y satisfacción laboral en contextos hospitalarios: Un estudio exploratorio con profesionales de enfermería. Index De Enfermería, 15(54). https://doi.org/10.4321/s1132-12962006000200006
10. Bradburn, N. M. (1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Aldine.
11. Callea, A., De Rosa, D., Ferri, G., Lipari, F., & Costanzi, M. (2019). Are more intelligent people happier? emotional intelligence as mediator between need for relatedness, happiness and flourishing. Sustainability, 11(4), 1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041022
12. Cejudo, J., Rodrigo-Ruiz, D., López-Delgado, M., & Losada, L. (2018). Emotional intelligence and its relationship with levels of social anxiety and stress in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061073
13. Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Bennett, E., & Furnham, A. (2007). The happy personality: Mediational role of trait emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(8), 1633–1639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.029
14. Ciarrochi, J. V., Chan, A. Y. C., & Caputi, P. (2000). A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(3), 539–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00119-1
15. Ciarrochi, J., Chan, A. Y. C., & Bajgar, J. (2001). Measuring Emotional Intelligence in Adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(7), 1105–1119. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00207-5
16. Dawda, D., & Hart, S. D. (2000). Assessing emotional intelligence: Reliability and validity of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I) in university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(4), 797–812. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00139-7
17. Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Extremera, N. (2016). Ability emotional intelligence, depression, and well-being. Emotion Review, 8(4), 311–315. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073916650494
18. Fernandez-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N., & Ramos, N. (2004). Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the trait meta-mood scale. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 751–755. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.751-755
19. Friedman, H. S., & Kern, M. L. (2014). Personality, well-being, and health. Annual Review of Psychology, 65(1), 719–742. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115123
20. Furnham, A., & Petrides, K. V. (2003). Trait Emotional Intelligence and happiness. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 31(8), 815–823. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2003.31.8.815
21. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York, Bantam Books.
22. Guerra-Bustamante, J., León-del-Barco, B., Yuste-Tosina, R., López-Ramos, V. M., & Mendo-Lázaro, S. (2019). Emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10), 1720. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101720
23. Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1073–1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00213-6
24. Landy, F. J. (2005). Some historical and scientific issues related to research on emotional intelligence. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.317
25. Lyusin, D.V. (2006). New method for emotional intelligence measurement: EmIn questionnaire. Psychological Diagnostics. No. 4. P. 3 – 22.
26. Martins A., Ramalho N., Morin E. (2010). A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personal. Individ. Differ. 49 554–564. 10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.029
27. Mikolajczak, M., Roy, E., Luminet, O., Fillée, C., & de Timary, P. (2007). The moderating impact of emotional intelligence on free cortisol responses to stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 32(8-10), 1000–1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.07.009
28. Mikulic, I. M., Crespi, M. C., & Cassullo, G. L. (2010). Emotional Intelligence, vital satisfaction and resilient potential assessment in a sample of students of psychology. Anu. Investig, 17, 169-178.
29. Palmer, B., Donaldson, C., & Stough, C. (2002). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1091–1100. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00215-x
30. Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
31. Petrides, K. V., Mikolajczak, M., Mavroveli, S., Sanchez-Ruiz, M.-J., Furnham, A., & Pérez-González, J.-C. (2016). Developments in trait emotional intelligence research. Emotion Review, 8(4), 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073916650493
32. Pulido Acosta, F., & Herrera Clavero, F. (2018). Relaciones Entre Felicidad, inteligencia emocional y factores sociodemográficos en secundaria. Anuario De Psicología, 48(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.002
33. Raina M., Bakhshi A. (2013). Emotional intelligence predicts eudaimonic wellbeing. IOSR J. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 11 42–47. 10.9790/0837-1134247
34. Reyes, M. R., Brackett, M. A., Rivers, S. E., White, M., & Salovey, P. (2012). Classroom emotional climate, student engagement, and academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(3), 700–712. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027268
35. Ruiz-Aranda, D., Extremera, N., & Pineda-Galán, C. (2013). Emotional intelligence, life satisfaction and subjective happiness in female student health professionals: The mediating effect of perceived stress. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12052
36. Ruiz-Aranda, D., Extremera, N., & Pineda-Galán, C. (2014). Emotional intelligence, life satisfaction and subjective happiness in female student health professionals: The mediating effect of perceived stress. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12052
37. Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1989-1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
38. Sánchez-Álvarez, N., Extremera, N., & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2015). The relation between emotional intelligence and subjective well-being: A meta-analytic investigation. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(3), 276–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1058968
39. Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (2001). Optimism, pessimism, and psychological well-being. In E. C. Chang (Ed.), Optimism & pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice (pp. 189–216). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10385-009
40. Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., & Dornheim, L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(2), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00001-4
41. Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.5
42. Seligman, M. E., Ernst, R. M., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., & Linkins, M. (2009). Positive education: Positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education, 35(3), 293–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054980902934563
43. Shevelenkova T.D. Fesenko T.P. (2005). Psychological well-being of the individual. Psychological Diagnostics, No. 3, pp. 95-121.
44. Snyder, K. E., Malin, J. L., Dent, A. L., & Linnenbrink-Garcia, L. (2014). The message matters: The role of implicit beliefs about giftedness and failure experiences in academic self-handicapping. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106(1), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034553
45. Teal, C., Downey, L. A., Lomas, J. E., Ford, T. C., Bunnett, E. R., & Stough, C. (2018). The role of dispositional mindfulness and emotional intelligence in adolescent males. Mindfulness, 10(1), 159–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0962-8
46. Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., Parkinson, J., Secker, J., & Stewart-Brown, S. (2007). The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): Development and UK validation. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-5-63
47. Van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Personal Resources and work engagement in the face of change. Contemporary Occupational Health Psychology, 124–150. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470661550.ch7
48. Vázquez C., Hervás G., Rahona J.J., Gómez D. (2009). Bienestar psicológico y salud: Aportaciones desde la Psicología Positiva. Anu. Psicol. Clínica Salud.; 5:15–28.
49. Zeidner, M., Matthews, G., & Roberts, R. D. (2011). The Emotional Intelligence, health, and well-being Nexus: What have we learned and what have we missed? Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 4(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2011.01062.x
2. American Psychological Association. (2022). Apa Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/emotional-intelligence
3. American Psychological Association. (2022). Apa Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/well-being
4. Austin, E. J., Saklofske, D. H., & Egan, V. (2005). Personality, well-being and health correlates of trait emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(3), 547–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.009
5. Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employees in flourishing organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.515
6. Balluerka, N., Gorostiaga, A., Alonso‐Arbiol, I., & Aritzeta, A. (2016). Peer attachment and Class Emotional Intelligence as predictors of adolescents' psychological well‐being: A Multilevel Approach. Journal of Adolescence, 53(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.08.009
7. Bar-On, R., & Parker, J. D. A. (Eds.). (2000). The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace. Jossey-Bass.
8. Bar-On, R., Brown, J. M., Kirkcaldy, B. D., & Thomé, E. P. (2000). Emotional expression and implications for occupational stress; an application of the emotional quotient inventory (EQ-I). Personality and Individual Differences, 28(6), 1107–1118. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00160-9
9. Berrios Martos, M. P., Augusto Landa, J. M., & Aguilar Luzón, M. del. (2006). Inteligencia emocional percibida y satisfacción laboral en contextos hospitalarios: Un estudio exploratorio con profesionales de enfermería. Index De Enfermería, 15(54). https://doi.org/10.4321/s1132-12962006000200006
10. Bradburn, N. M. (1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Aldine.
11. Callea, A., De Rosa, D., Ferri, G., Lipari, F., & Costanzi, M. (2019). Are more intelligent people happier? emotional intelligence as mediator between need for relatedness, happiness and flourishing. Sustainability, 11(4), 1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041022
12. Cejudo, J., Rodrigo-Ruiz, D., López-Delgado, M., & Losada, L. (2018). Emotional intelligence and its relationship with levels of social anxiety and stress in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061073
13. Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Bennett, E., & Furnham, A. (2007). The happy personality: Mediational role of trait emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(8), 1633–1639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.029
14. Ciarrochi, J. V., Chan, A. Y. C., & Caputi, P. (2000). A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(3), 539–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00119-1
15. Ciarrochi, J., Chan, A. Y. C., & Bajgar, J. (2001). Measuring Emotional Intelligence in Adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(7), 1105–1119. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00207-5
16. Dawda, D., & Hart, S. D. (2000). Assessing emotional intelligence: Reliability and validity of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I) in university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(4), 797–812. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00139-7
17. Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Extremera, N. (2016). Ability emotional intelligence, depression, and well-being. Emotion Review, 8(4), 311–315. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073916650494
18. Fernandez-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N., & Ramos, N. (2004). Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the trait meta-mood scale. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 751–755. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.3.751-755
19. Friedman, H. S., & Kern, M. L. (2014). Personality, well-being, and health. Annual Review of Psychology, 65(1), 719–742. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115123
20. Furnham, A., & Petrides, K. V. (2003). Trait Emotional Intelligence and happiness. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 31(8), 815–823. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2003.31.8.815
21. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York, Bantam Books.
22. Guerra-Bustamante, J., León-del-Barco, B., Yuste-Tosina, R., López-Ramos, V. M., & Mendo-Lázaro, S. (2019). Emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10), 1720. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101720
23. Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1073–1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00213-6
24. Landy, F. J. (2005). Some historical and scientific issues related to research on emotional intelligence. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.317
25. Lyusin, D.V. (2006). New method for emotional intelligence measurement: EmIn questionnaire. Psychological Diagnostics. No. 4. P. 3 – 22.
26. Martins A., Ramalho N., Morin E. (2010). A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personal. Individ. Differ. 49 554–564. 10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.029
27. Mikolajczak, M., Roy, E., Luminet, O., Fillée, C., & de Timary, P. (2007). The moderating impact of emotional intelligence on free cortisol responses to stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 32(8-10), 1000–1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.07.009
28. Mikulic, I. M., Crespi, M. C., & Cassullo, G. L. (2010). Emotional Intelligence, vital satisfaction and resilient potential assessment in a sample of students of psychology. Anu. Investig, 17, 169-178.
29. Palmer, B., Donaldson, C., & Stough, C. (2002). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1091–1100. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00215-x
30. Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
31. Petrides, K. V., Mikolajczak, M., Mavroveli, S., Sanchez-Ruiz, M.-J., Furnham, A., & Pérez-González, J.-C. (2016). Developments in trait emotional intelligence research. Emotion Review, 8(4), 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073916650493
32. Pulido Acosta, F., & Herrera Clavero, F. (2018). Relaciones Entre Felicidad, inteligencia emocional y factores sociodemográficos en secundaria. Anuario De Psicología, 48(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.002
33. Raina M., Bakhshi A. (2013). Emotional intelligence predicts eudaimonic wellbeing. IOSR J. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 11 42–47. 10.9790/0837-1134247
34. Reyes, M. R., Brackett, M. A., Rivers, S. E., White, M., & Salovey, P. (2012). Classroom emotional climate, student engagement, and academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(3), 700–712. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027268
35. Ruiz-Aranda, D., Extremera, N., & Pineda-Galán, C. (2013). Emotional intelligence, life satisfaction and subjective happiness in female student health professionals: The mediating effect of perceived stress. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12052
36. Ruiz-Aranda, D., Extremera, N., & Pineda-Galán, C. (2014). Emotional intelligence, life satisfaction and subjective happiness in female student health professionals: The mediating effect of perceived stress. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12052
37. Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1989-1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
38. Sánchez-Álvarez, N., Extremera, N., & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2015). The relation between emotional intelligence and subjective well-being: A meta-analytic investigation. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(3), 276–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1058968
39. Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (2001). Optimism, pessimism, and psychological well-being. In E. C. Chang (Ed.), Optimism & pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice (pp. 189–216). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10385-009
40. Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., & Dornheim, L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(2), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00001-4
41. Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.5
42. Seligman, M. E., Ernst, R. M., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., & Linkins, M. (2009). Positive education: Positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education, 35(3), 293–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054980902934563
43. Shevelenkova T.D. Fesenko T.P. (2005). Psychological well-being of the individual. Psychological Diagnostics, No. 3, pp. 95-121.
44. Snyder, K. E., Malin, J. L., Dent, A. L., & Linnenbrink-Garcia, L. (2014). The message matters: The role of implicit beliefs about giftedness and failure experiences in academic self-handicapping. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106(1), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034553
45. Teal, C., Downey, L. A., Lomas, J. E., Ford, T. C., Bunnett, E. R., & Stough, C. (2018). The role of dispositional mindfulness and emotional intelligence in adolescent males. Mindfulness, 10(1), 159–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0962-8
46. Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., Parkinson, J., Secker, J., & Stewart-Brown, S. (2007). The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): Development and UK validation. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-5-63
47. Van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Personal Resources and work engagement in the face of change. Contemporary Occupational Health Psychology, 124–150. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470661550.ch7
48. Vázquez C., Hervás G., Rahona J.J., Gómez D. (2009). Bienestar psicológico y salud: Aportaciones desde la Psicología Positiva. Anu. Psicol. Clínica Salud.; 5:15–28.
49. Zeidner, M., Matthews, G., & Roberts, R. D. (2011). The Emotional Intelligence, health, and well-being Nexus: What have we learned and what have we missed? Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 4(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2011.01062.x