TRANSFORMATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF PARLIAMENTARISM IN UKRAINE AND THE BALTIC COUNTRIES (1990-2004): A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
Abstract. The article shows that the parliaments of Ukraine and the Baltic countries were the main platform for state-building decisions in the specified period, which changed not only the existing system, but also themselves. In general, this article attempts to consider the transformation of the institution of parliamentarism in Ukraine and the Baltic countries by the method of comparative analysis. The article contains an overview of the process of transformation of the institution of parliamentarism in the studied countries in historical, political and legal contexts. It reflects the correlation between the constitutions adopted at national referenda, in particular in Lithuania and Estonia, which did not undergo significant amendments in the future in terms of the functioning of the institution of parliamentarism. The adopted constitutions at the legislative level in Ukraine and Latvia, in particular regarding the activities of the parliaments, were subsequently changed under certain conditions. If in Ukraine such changes regarding the powers and status of the parliament were due to political considerations during the revolution of 2004, then in Latvia such changes were in the context of the requirements of the latest period, because this country restored its statehood together with its 1922 Constitution.
How to Cite
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
parliament, constitution, independence, deputies, elections, referendum.
2. History of the legislature (1990). URL: https://www.saeima.lv/en/about-saeima/history-of-thelegislature/ [in English].
3. Istoriia Latvii XX st. (2005). (History of Latvia of the 20th century) / Bleiere D. ta in. Ryha: «Iumava» [in Russian].
4. Istoriia Lytvy kozhnomu (2018). [History of Lithuania for everyone] / Bumblauskas A., Eidyntas A., Kulakauskas A., Tamoshaitys M. Kyiv: «Baltiia-Druk» [in Ukrainian].
5. Konstytutsiia (Osnovnyi Zakon) Estonskoi Respubliky (2015). (Constitution (Basic Law) of the Republic of Estonia). URL: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/viitedLeht.html?id=10 [in Ukrainian].
6. Konstytutsiia Lytovskoi Respubliky (1992). (Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania). URL: http://lib.rada.gov.ua/static/LIBRARY/catalog/law/lit_konst1.htm [in Ukrainian].
7. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy (1996) (Constitution of Ukraine). URL: https://wipolex-res.wipo.int/edocs/ lexdocs/laws/uk/ua/ua013uk.pdf [in Ukrainian].
8. Konstytutsiinyi Dohovir mizh Verkhovnoiu Radoiu Ukrainy Prezydentom Ukrainy pro osnovni zasady orhanizatsii ta funktsionuvannia derzhavnoi vlady i mistsevoho samovriaduvannia v Ukraini na period do pryiniattia novoi Konstytutsii Ukrainy (1995). (Constitutional Agreement between the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the President of Ukraine on the basic principles of the organization and functioning of state power and local self-government in Ukraine for the period before the adoption of the new Constitution of Ukraine). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1k/95-vr#Text [in Ukrainian].
9. Latvijas Republikas Satversme (1922). URL: https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=57980 [In Latvian].
10. Naselennia (1991). (People) URL: https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2007/ds/nas_rik/ nas_u/nas_rik_u.html) [in Ukrainian].
11. Population Devision (1991). URL: http://web.archive.org/web/20230704140423/https://population. un.org/wpp/ [in English].
12. Postanova Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainskoi RSR Pro proholoshennia nezalezhnosti Ukrainy (1991). (Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR Proclaiming the Independence of Ukraine). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1427-12#Text (in Ukrainian).
13. Postanovlenye Estonskoi RSR O hosudarstvennoi nezavysymosty Estonyy (1990). (Decree of the Estonian RSR On the state independence of Estonia). URL: https://web.archive.org/ web/20210831013332/https://www.gorby.ru/userfiles/estonia_20(1).pdf) [in Russian].
14. Statistical Database (1991). URL: https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/en/OSP_PUB/START__POP__ IR__IRS/IRS010/table/tableViewLayout1/) [in English].
15. Statistics Estonia (1991). URL: https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvastik__rahvastikunaitajad-jakoosseis__ rahvaarv-ja-rahvastiku-koosseis/RV021/table/tableViewLayout2) [in English].
16. Ukraina: politychna istoriia. XX – pochatok XXI st. (2007) [Ukraine: political history. 20th – beginning of the 21st century]. Redrada: V.M. Lytvyn (holova) ta in. Redkol.: V.A. Smolii, Yu.A. Levenets (spivholovy) ta in. [in Ukrainian].
17. Verkhovna Rada Estonskoi RSR Pro derzhavnyi status Estonii (1990). (Verkhovna Rada of the Estonian SSR On the state status of Estonia). URL: https://uk.wikisource.org/wiki/Постанова_ Верховної_Ради_Естонської_РСР_про_державний_статус_Естонії [in Ukrainian].
18. Visnyk TsVK (2012). [Bulletin of the CEC]. №3(24). URL: https://www.cvk.gov.ua/wp-content/ uploads/2020/06/2012_3_Visnik_Cvk.pdf [in Ukrainian].
19. Zakon ESSR «O symvolyke Эstonyy» (1990). (ECRS Law on the Symbols of Estonia). URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20190906230101/http://estonia.news-city.info/docs/sistemsf/dok_ ierskz.htm [in Russian].
20. Zakon Ukrainy Pro vnesennia zmin do Konstytutsii Ukrainy (2004). Law of Ukraine On Amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2222-15#Text [in Ukrainian].