THE ROLE OF THE ART OF TRANSLATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE AND ASTRONOMY IN THE MULTICULTURAL ABBASID SOCIETY

Abstract

The main aim of the article is to explore the impact of the expanding art of translation in the multicultural Abbasid society on the development of medicine and astronomy, and to examine the role of non- Arabs alongside Arabs in this field. Arab-Islamic culture and literature are not only the products of the Arab people, but also the intellectual and spiritual progress of many peoples. Especially after the Abbasids came to power, the role of non-Arab (Ajam) peoples in this culture increased even more. Also, the strengthening of the translation movement gave a powerful impetus to the development of science, Greek philosophical thought and Indo-Iranian thought penetrated into the depths of the Islamic religion. Their activity is reflected in the work of both Christian and Muslim authors. The article examines the multicultural society that arose in the Arab Caliphate during the Abbasid period, and also examines the role of Christian writers, scholars, and translators. One of the main factors driving the translation movement was society's need for science. Translators did not just translate, but studied, analyzed, interpreted what they translated, and then wrote their own works. Along with translated works, they also had several original works. Another reason why the translation movement was so widespread was the diversity of the ethnic composition of society. Thus, the cultural life in which the Persians, Turks, Greeks and Syrians, Jews and Copts play a role along with the Arabs inevitably creates the need to learn the cultural heritage of these peoples. This can be explained by the fact that the Abbasid caliphs were loyal to different cultures than their Umayyad predecessors.