SETTLEMENTS IN THE FIELD OF NON-STATE SOCIAL SERVICES UNDER THE LEGISLATION OF CERTAIN FOREIGN STATES: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECT
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
In the context of the present conditions of wartime, decentralisation and Ukraine's approximation to the standards of the European Union, the issue of payments for social services provided by non-state structures is becoming critical. The positive experience of foreign countries demonstrates that the introduction of contracting models, voucher systems, indicative budgeting, and outsourcing of social functions significantly increases the efficiency of social protection, allowing the state to focus on strategic management, and non-governmental organisations to focus on the direct provision of services. In view of this, there is a need to conduct an in-depth analysis of such models in the international legal field, in particular in the legislation of the EU countries, African and Latin American states, and to identify universal and contextual payment mechanisms, as well as to determine their applicability to the national legislation of Ukraine. The objective of the present study is a thoroughgoing analysis of the economic and legal mechanisms for making payments in the field of social services provided by non-state providers in certain foreign countries, with a view to identifying effective models of financing, legal regulation and quality control of services that can be adapted to the Ukrainian context. The research methodology consists of the following methods: the comparative legal method, the analysis of regulatory and legal sources, the system-structural method, the method of analogies and extrapolation, and the case study method. The study analysed the economic and legal aspects of payments in the field of social services provided by non-state providers in certain foreign countries. The author conducts an analysis of models of legal regulation of relations between the state and non-state organisations that perform social functions, as well as financial mechanisms for reimbursement of the cost of services or compensation, in particular through social orders, grant financing, subventions and voucher systems. The study is based on the analysis of regulatory legal acts of the European Union countries, as well as individual states of Asia, Africa and Latin America, which vary in terms of economic development and the degree of institutional capacity of the state. This text focuses on the mechanisms of contracting services, cost-effectiveness assessment, principles of transparency, accountability and social orientation of budget financing. The authors undertake a comparative legal analysis of the applied calculation models, determining their advantages, disadvantages and possibilities of adaptation in Ukrainian conditions. In undertaking this analysis, the authors take into account the current reforms in the field of decentralisation, social protection, as well as the desire for integration into the EU legal space. Consequently, conceptual proposals have been formulated for the enhancement of Ukraine's national legislation pertaining to the financing of non-state providers of social services. These proposals are founded upon the principles of economic feasibility, legal certainty, transparency of procedures, and effectiveness.
How to Cite
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
non-state social services, economic and legal aspect, public-private partnership, financing mechanisms, legal regulation, state financing of NGOs, social security, outsourcing of social protection services
Amdissa, T., Adanech, D., Kasa, T., & Zeleke, T. (2015). Non‐state social protection in Ethiopia: Characteristics, governance and policy relevance (PASGR Working Paper No. 003). Partnership for African Social and Governance Research. Available at: https://www.pasgr.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Non-state-social-protection-in-Ethiopia_Characteristics-governance-and-policy-relevance_final.pdf
Askew, L. (2009). 'At home' in state institutions: The caring practices and potentialities of human service workers. Geoforum, 40(4), 655–663. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016718509000487?via%3Dihub
B’Tselem. (2022). Land grab: Israel's settlement policy in the West Bank. The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories. Available at: https://www.btselem.org/publications/summaries/200205_land_grab
Baranovska, V., Zavertneva-Yaroshenko, V., Dryshliuk, V., Leshanych, M., & Huk, I.-M. (2022). Legal regulation of public-private partnership relations and protection of the interests of business entities in Ukraine. Amazonia Investiga, 11(50), 99–108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.50.02.10
Batley, R., & Mcloughlin, C. (2010). Engagement with non-state service providers in fragile states: Reconciling state-building and service delivery. Development Policy Review, 28(2), 131–154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.2010.00478.x
Bilecen, B. (2013). Analyzing informal social protection across borders: Synthesizing social network analysis with qualitative interviews (SFB 882 Working Paper Series No. 19). University of Bielefeld. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/4720027/Analyzing_Informal_Social_Protection_Across_Borders_Synthesizing_Social_Network_Analysis_with_Qualitative_Interviews_SFB_Working_Paper_Series_No_19_German_Research_Foundation_Bielefeld
Brandstetter, P. (2003). The participation of NGOs in the WTO Dispute Settlement System. Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2021/693439/IPOL_STU(2021)693439_EN.pdf
Bychkov, S. (2006). Analysis of the formation and development of the social protection system in different countries of the world and the possibility of adapting the acquired experience to the conditions of Ukraine. Bulletin of the National Academy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine: Collection of Scientific Works, 189–195. Available at: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=414396875839519360&hl=en&oi=scholarr
The Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On Approval of the Action Plan for the Implementation of the Recommendations of the European Commission Presented in the Report on Ukraine's Progress within the Framework of the 2023 European Union Enlargement Package" of February 9, 2024 No. 133-р. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (BVR). Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/133-2024-%D1%80#Text
Clayton, J., Donovan, C., & Merchant, J. (2015). Emotions of austerity: Care and commitment in public service delivery in the North East of England. Emotion, Space and Society, 14, 24–32. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1755458614000759
Council of Europe. (1964). European Code of Social Security of 16.04.1964. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/card/994_329
Hayman, R., Crack, A., Okitoi, J., Lewis, S., Pratt, B., Hammad, S., & Popplewell, R. (2014). Legal frameworks and political space for non‐governmental organizations: An overview of six countries: Phase II. European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes. Available at: https://www.eadi.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EADI/03_Publications/EADI_Policy_Paper/EADI_Policy_Paper_May2014.pdf
Hewitt, T., & Cook, N. (2023). Bridging infrastructure: Conceptualising non-state organizations in complex refugee settlement service landscapes. Geoforum, 138. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001671852200255X
International Labour Organization. (1952). Convention concerning Minimum Standards of Social Security of 28.06.1952. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/993_011#Text
Laboratory of Legislative Initiatives. (2024). Social services in Ukraine: Current status, problems, limitations. Available at: https://parlament.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ali_study_socialservices.pdf
Lomonosova, N., Khelashvili, A., & Kabanets, Y. (2024). Co-operation of communities with the non-state sector in the field of social services. CEDOS. Available at: https://cedos.org.ua/researches/spivpraczya-gromad-iz-nederzhavnym-sektorom-u-sferi-nadannya-soczialnyh-poslug/
Merouani, W., Messekher, H., Hamaizia, A., & Belkacem, M. (2023). Reforming Algeria's social protection system. Chatham House. Available at: https://www.chathamhouse.org/2023/11/reforming-algerias-social-protection-system/03-non-state-social-protection-and-welfare-0
Ndiaye, A., Dedehouanou, S., & Faye, M. (2015). The role of governance in the performance of non‐state social protection services in Senegal (PASGR Working Paper 007). Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/59706b73e5274a0a690001d2/The-Role-of-Governance-in-the-Performance-of-Non-State-Social-Protection-Services-in-Senegal_Final.pdf
Njieri, S. (2016). Factors influencing accessibility of social services in informal settlements: A case of children living with disabilities in Kasarani Subcounty, Kenya. Available at: https://catalog.ihsn.org/citations/77871
Ntenhene, F. (2024). Non-profit immigrant-serving organizations: Roles and challenges in immigrant settlement and integration processes. IMAGINING RURAL FUTURES. Available at: https://imaginingruralfutures.org/non-profit-immigrant-serving-organizations-roles-and-challenges-in-immigrant-settlement-and-integration-process/
Okello, J. (2015). The role of non-state actors in the implementation of social protection policies and programs in Uganda (pp. 32–42). Available at: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/245740/files/Julius%20Okello%20-%2024034-26608-1-PB%20_2_.pdf
Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs. (2021). A statute for European cross-border associations and non-profit organizations: Potential benefits in the current situation. Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2021/693439/IPOL_STU(2021)693439_EN.pdf
Rodenhäuser, T. (2022). The legal protection of persons living under the control of non-State armed groups. International Review of the Red Cross, (915). Available at: https://international-review.icrc.org/articles/legal-protection-persons-under-control-of-nsags-915
UNHCR. (2024). Safe and secure settlements. Available at: https://emergency.unhcr.org/emergency-assistance/shelter-camp-and-settlement/safe-and-secure-settlements/safe-and-secure-settlements
The Law of Ukraine “On Compulsory State Social Insurance”, September 23, 1999, No. 1105-XIV. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (BVR). Available at: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1774-viii
The Law of Ukraine “On Collection and Accounting of Single Contribution for Compulsory State Social Insurance” of July 8, 2010 No. 2464-VI. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (BVR). Available at: http://zakon.rada.gov.ua/cgi-bin/laws/main.cgi?nreg=2464-17
Walker, J., Koroma, B., Sellu, S., & Rigon, A. (2024). The social regulation of livelihoods in unplanned settlements in Freetown: Implications for strategies of formalisation. International Development Planning Review, 44(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2021.3
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.