THE FISH FARMS IN THE OPEN BLACK SEA AS A STRATEGIC INITIATIVE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY: JUSTIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
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Abstract
Developing fish farms in the open Black Sea is an important strategic step for Ukraine, with the potential to significantly improve the country's economic situation. Using aquaculture in the Black Sea not only increases seafood production, but also preserves the marine environment's ecological balance by minimising pollution and reducing environmental risks through the use of modern technologies. The aquaculture enterprises are to be operated in accordance with state-of-the-art, eco-friendly technologies, thus enabling a substantial reduction in the detrimental impact on the marine ecosystem when compared with conventional fishing methods. Investment in fish farming represents a strategic opportunity for Ukraine to gain integration into global seafood markets, given the country's advantageous geographical position in the Black Sea. This location facilitates the export of products to the European Union, the Middle East, and other regions, thereby exerting a positive economic impact and enhancing national food security. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the international experience of fish farms in the open sea, drawing particular attention to the practices of countries such as Norway, Chile, Scotland, Australia and China. The international experience demonstrates that fish farms in the open sea can be successful, provided that the correct technological facilities and effective management are in place. This is particularly relevant for Ukraine, which has great potential for the development of aquaculture in the Black Sea. The establishment of floating fish farms in the open sea represents a promising strategy for Ukraine, given the favourable climatic and ecological conditions of the Black Sea, which facilitate the implementation of effective and sustainable fish farming projects. The development of offshore aquaculture in Ukraine has the potential to contribute to the country's food independence and sustainable development. However, the successful implementation of these projects is predicated on the adoption of clear legislation that will regulate aquaculture outside territorial waters, thereby facilitating the attraction of investments and ensuring the sustainable development of this industry. The proposed adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Offshore Aquaculture" should become the basis for the effective development of fish farms in the open sea, which in turn will facilitate the implementation of investment projects and the sustainable development of aquaculture in Ukraine. The project implementation stages are presented, including opportunities assessment, farm construction, launch and testing, as well as marketing and sales of products.
How to Cite
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fish farms, offshore aquaculture, Black Sea, strategic initiative, environmental impact, environmental assessment
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