THE UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE OF TENURE AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE STATE OF MARTIAL LAW
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Published:
Aug 1, 2022
Abstract
The article covers the accomplished Ukrainian experience in tenure and food security in the state of martial law. It is suggested to distinguish between the mechanisms of providing tenure security in the state of martial law and the individual food security strategy in the same conditions. We emphasize on the division of the citizens’ legal status as follows: those who are in a warfare zone, people who are living out of the military action zone, internally displaced people, the ones that have got temporary protection in EU. The interference of public elements into private regulation system of social relations that is necessary to maintain life-sustaining activity has been revealed. We offer the definition of a vulnerable physical party in the state of martial law as a person who has lost his housing or is in danger to lose it because of warfare as well as the person who meets difficulties in food security. It is emphasized on the following development of tenure and food security in the state of post-martial law.
How to Cite
Avramova, O., & Korniyenko, G. (2022). THE UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE OF TENURE AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE STATE OF MARTIAL LAW. Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, (1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2022-1-1
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Keywords
state of martial law, housing, food, provisions, internal displacement, public, need. (Baldwin, 1991: 281–282)
References
1. Avramova, O. Yе. (2015) Pravova pryroda ta systema zhytlovykh prav (Legal nature and system of housing rights.). Pidpryyemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo, 7, 3–6 (in Ukrainian).
2. Bari, Md. Ershadul (1985) Martial Law in Bangladesh 1975-1979: A Legal Analysis. PhD thesis. SOAS University of London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25501/SOAS.00033751 (in English).
3. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2022). Pro vnesennya zmin do deyakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrayiny shchodo stvorennya umov dlya zabezpechennya prodovolʹchoyi bezpeky v umovakh voyennoho stanu (On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Creation of Conditions for Ensuring Food Security in Martial Law). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2145-20#Text.
4. 9 kvitnya: Sytuatsiya u sotsialʹniy sferi stanom na 20:00 (April 9: the situation in the social sphere as of 20:00.). Retrieved from: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/9-kvitnya-situaciya-u-socialnijsferi-stanom-na-2000 (in Ukrainian).
5. Council Directive 2001/55/EC of 20 July 2001 on minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons and on measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2001/55/oj.
6. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2022). Deyaki pytannya vyplaty dopomohy na prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenym osobam (Some issues of payment of housing assistance to internally displaced persons). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/332-2022-%D0%BF#Text.
7. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2020). Pytannya vyplaty hroshovoyi kompensatsiyi postrazhdalym, zhytlovi budynky (kvartyry) yakykh zruynovano vnaslidok nadzvychaynoyi sytuatsiyi voyennoho kharakteru, sprychynenoyi (The issue of payment of monetary compensation to the victims, whose houses (apartments) were destroyed as a result of an emergency situation of a military nature caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/767-2020-%D0%BF#Text
8. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2022). Pytannya nadannya humanitarnoyi ta inshoyi dopomohy tsyvilʹnomu naselennyu v umovakh voyennoho stanu v Ukrayini (ssues of providing humanitarian and other assistance to the civilian population under martial law in Ukraine). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/220-2022-%D0%BF#Text.
9. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2019). Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku formuvannya fondiv zhytla dlya tymchasovoho prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib i Poryadku nadannya v tymchasove korystuvannya zhytlovykh prymishchenʹ z fondiv zhytla dlya tymchasovoho prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib (On approval of the Procedure for the formation of housing funds for temporary residence of internally displaced persons and the Procedure for the provision of temporary use of housing from housing funds for temporary residence of internally displaced persons). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/582-2019-%D0%BF#top.
10. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2022). Pro utvorennya Koordynatsiynoyi rady z pytanʹ lohistyky v silʹsʹkomu hospodarstvi (On the establishment of the Coordinating Council for Logistics in Agriculture). Retrieved from: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-utvorennya-koordinacijnoyi-radi-z-pitan-logistiki-v-silskomu-gospodarstvi-427.
11. Korniyenko, H.S. (2020) Lohistychni pravovidnosyny u sferi ahrobiznesu (Logistics relations in the field of agribusiness). Visnyk Zaporizʹkoho natsionalʹnoho universytetu. Yurydychni nauky, 3, 57–63 (in Ukrainian).
12. Kohatʹko, YU.L., Polyakova, S.V. (2017) Zhytlovi umovy v iyerarkhiyi potreb naselennya (Housing conditions in the hierarchy of population needs). Demohrafiya, ekonomika pratsi, sotsialʹna ekonomika i polityka, 20, 742–746 (in Ukrainian).
13. Kharkiv'yany mozhutʹ povidomyty pro poshkodzhennya svoho budynku, zapovnyvshy spetsialʹnu formu (Kharkiv residents can report damage to their home by filling in a special form). Retrieved from: https://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/news/kharkivyani-mozhut-povidomiti-proposhkodzhennya-svogo-budinku-zapovnivshi-spetsialnu-formu--50015.html (in Ukrainian).
14. Mizhnarodnyy pakt pro ekonomichni, sotsialʹni i kulʹturni prava (1966) (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights) Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_042#Text
15. Posivnu na Chernihivshchyni zatrymuye protses rozminuvannya zemelʹ (Sowing in Chernihiv region delays the land demining process). Retrieved from: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3464835-posivnu-na-cernigivsini-zatrimue-proces-rozminuvanna-zemel.html (in Ukrainian).
16. Posivnu rozpochaly vzhe 11 oblastey Ukrayiny (Sowing has already begun 11 regions of Ukraine). Retrieved from: https://superagronom.com/news/15087-posivnu-rozpochali-vje-11-oblasteyukrayini (in Ukrainian).
17. Ruynuvannya u Kharkovi: u meriyi otsinyly kilʹkistʹ neprydatnykh dlya zhyttya budynkiv (Destruction in Kharkiv: The City Hall estimates the number of homes unsuitable.). Retrieved from: https://nv.ua/ukr/kharkiv/harkiv-obstrili-skilki-budinkiv-zruynovano-dani-31-bereznyanovini-harkova-50229919.html (in Ukrainian).
18. Ryatuyuchysʹ vid viyny v Ukrayini: dostup do zhytla. Informatsiya stosovno zhytla. (Fleeful of the war in Ukraine: access to housing. Housing information.). Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world/eu-solidarity-ukraine/eu-assistanceukraine/information-people-fleeing-war-ukraine/fleeing-ukraine-access-accommodation-andhousing_uk#- (in Ukrainian).
19. Tepli obiymy mozhutʹ okholonuty. Yak kryza ukrayinsʹkykh pereselentsiv zminytʹ Yevropu. Perekaz materialu Economist (Warm hugs can cool. As the crisis of Ukrainian migrants will change Europe. Transfer of Economist materia) Retrieved from: https://forbes.ua/inside/yakkriza-ukrainskikh-bizhentsiv-zminit-evropu-26032022-5061 (in Ukrainian).
20. The Ternopil Rada (2022). Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku kompensatsiyi vytrat za tymchasove rozmishchennya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib, yaki peremistylysya u period voyennoho stanu i ne otrymuyutʹ shchomisyachnoyi adresnoyi dopomohy vnutrishnʹo peremishchenym osobam dlya pokryttya vytrat na prozhyvannya, v tomu chysli na oplatu zhytlovo-komunalʹnykh posluh u Ternopilʹsʹkiy misʹkiy terytorialʹniy hromadi (On approval of the Procedure for compensation of expenses for temporary accommodation of internally displaced persons who moved during martial law and do not receive monthly targeted assistance to internally displaced persons to cover living expenses, including housing and communal services in Ternopil city territorial community).
Retrieved from: https://ternopilcity.gov.ua/vikonavchiy-komitet/rishennya-vikonavchogokomitetu-2019/58553.html.
21. U Kharkovi ponad 500 zhytlovykh budynkiv, de vidnovyty opalennya zmozhutʹ lyshe pislya zavershennya boyovykh diy (There are more than 500 residential buildings in Kharkiv, where they will be able to resume heating only after the end of hostilities). Retrieved from: https://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/813252.html (in Ukrainian).
22. Ukrayina zabezpechena palʹnym ta resursamy dlya provedennya posivnoyi – prem'yer Shmyhalʹ (Ukraine is provided with fuel and resources for sowing - Prime Minister Smigal). Retrieved from: https://interfax.com.ua/news/economic/820913.html (in Ukrainian).
2. Bari, Md. Ershadul (1985) Martial Law in Bangladesh 1975-1979: A Legal Analysis. PhD thesis. SOAS University of London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25501/SOAS.00033751 (in English).
3. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2022). Pro vnesennya zmin do deyakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrayiny shchodo stvorennya umov dlya zabezpechennya prodovolʹchoyi bezpeky v umovakh voyennoho stanu (On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Creation of Conditions for Ensuring Food Security in Martial Law). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2145-20#Text.
4. 9 kvitnya: Sytuatsiya u sotsialʹniy sferi stanom na 20:00 (April 9: the situation in the social sphere as of 20:00.). Retrieved from: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/9-kvitnya-situaciya-u-socialnijsferi-stanom-na-2000 (in Ukrainian).
5. Council Directive 2001/55/EC of 20 July 2001 on minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons and on measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2001/55/oj.
6. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2022). Deyaki pytannya vyplaty dopomohy na prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenym osobam (Some issues of payment of housing assistance to internally displaced persons). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/332-2022-%D0%BF#Text.
7. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2020). Pytannya vyplaty hroshovoyi kompensatsiyi postrazhdalym, zhytlovi budynky (kvartyry) yakykh zruynovano vnaslidok nadzvychaynoyi sytuatsiyi voyennoho kharakteru, sprychynenoyi (The issue of payment of monetary compensation to the victims, whose houses (apartments) were destroyed as a result of an emergency situation of a military nature caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/767-2020-%D0%BF#Text
8. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2022). Pytannya nadannya humanitarnoyi ta inshoyi dopomohy tsyvilʹnomu naselennyu v umovakh voyennoho stanu v Ukrayini (ssues of providing humanitarian and other assistance to the civilian population under martial law in Ukraine). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/220-2022-%D0%BF#Text.
9. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2019). Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku formuvannya fondiv zhytla dlya tymchasovoho prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib i Poryadku nadannya v tymchasove korystuvannya zhytlovykh prymishchenʹ z fondiv zhytla dlya tymchasovoho prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib (On approval of the Procedure for the formation of housing funds for temporary residence of internally displaced persons and the Procedure for the provision of temporary use of housing from housing funds for temporary residence of internally displaced persons). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/582-2019-%D0%BF#top.
10. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2022). Pro utvorennya Koordynatsiynoyi rady z pytanʹ lohistyky v silʹsʹkomu hospodarstvi (On the establishment of the Coordinating Council for Logistics in Agriculture). Retrieved from: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-utvorennya-koordinacijnoyi-radi-z-pitan-logistiki-v-silskomu-gospodarstvi-427.
11. Korniyenko, H.S. (2020) Lohistychni pravovidnosyny u sferi ahrobiznesu (Logistics relations in the field of agribusiness). Visnyk Zaporizʹkoho natsionalʹnoho universytetu. Yurydychni nauky, 3, 57–63 (in Ukrainian).
12. Kohatʹko, YU.L., Polyakova, S.V. (2017) Zhytlovi umovy v iyerarkhiyi potreb naselennya (Housing conditions in the hierarchy of population needs). Demohrafiya, ekonomika pratsi, sotsialʹna ekonomika i polityka, 20, 742–746 (in Ukrainian).
13. Kharkiv'yany mozhutʹ povidomyty pro poshkodzhennya svoho budynku, zapovnyvshy spetsialʹnu formu (Kharkiv residents can report damage to their home by filling in a special form). Retrieved from: https://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/news/kharkivyani-mozhut-povidomiti-proposhkodzhennya-svogo-budinku-zapovnivshi-spetsialnu-formu--50015.html (in Ukrainian).
14. Mizhnarodnyy pakt pro ekonomichni, sotsialʹni i kulʹturni prava (1966) (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights) Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_042#Text
15. Posivnu na Chernihivshchyni zatrymuye protses rozminuvannya zemelʹ (Sowing in Chernihiv region delays the land demining process). Retrieved from: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3464835-posivnu-na-cernigivsini-zatrimue-proces-rozminuvanna-zemel.html (in Ukrainian).
16. Posivnu rozpochaly vzhe 11 oblastey Ukrayiny (Sowing has already begun 11 regions of Ukraine). Retrieved from: https://superagronom.com/news/15087-posivnu-rozpochali-vje-11-oblasteyukrayini (in Ukrainian).
17. Ruynuvannya u Kharkovi: u meriyi otsinyly kilʹkistʹ neprydatnykh dlya zhyttya budynkiv (Destruction in Kharkiv: The City Hall estimates the number of homes unsuitable.). Retrieved from: https://nv.ua/ukr/kharkiv/harkiv-obstrili-skilki-budinkiv-zruynovano-dani-31-bereznyanovini-harkova-50229919.html (in Ukrainian).
18. Ryatuyuchysʹ vid viyny v Ukrayini: dostup do zhytla. Informatsiya stosovno zhytla. (Fleeful of the war in Ukraine: access to housing. Housing information.). Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world/eu-solidarity-ukraine/eu-assistanceukraine/information-people-fleeing-war-ukraine/fleeing-ukraine-access-accommodation-andhousing_uk#- (in Ukrainian).
19. Tepli obiymy mozhutʹ okholonuty. Yak kryza ukrayinsʹkykh pereselentsiv zminytʹ Yevropu. Perekaz materialu Economist (Warm hugs can cool. As the crisis of Ukrainian migrants will change Europe. Transfer of Economist materia) Retrieved from: https://forbes.ua/inside/yakkriza-ukrainskikh-bizhentsiv-zminit-evropu-26032022-5061 (in Ukrainian).
20. The Ternopil Rada (2022). Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku kompensatsiyi vytrat za tymchasove rozmishchennya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib, yaki peremistylysya u period voyennoho stanu i ne otrymuyutʹ shchomisyachnoyi adresnoyi dopomohy vnutrishnʹo peremishchenym osobam dlya pokryttya vytrat na prozhyvannya, v tomu chysli na oplatu zhytlovo-komunalʹnykh posluh u Ternopilʹsʹkiy misʹkiy terytorialʹniy hromadi (On approval of the Procedure for compensation of expenses for temporary accommodation of internally displaced persons who moved during martial law and do not receive monthly targeted assistance to internally displaced persons to cover living expenses, including housing and communal services in Ternopil city territorial community).
Retrieved from: https://ternopilcity.gov.ua/vikonavchiy-komitet/rishennya-vikonavchogokomitetu-2019/58553.html.
21. U Kharkovi ponad 500 zhytlovykh budynkiv, de vidnovyty opalennya zmozhutʹ lyshe pislya zavershennya boyovykh diy (There are more than 500 residential buildings in Kharkiv, where they will be able to resume heating only after the end of hostilities). Retrieved from: https://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/813252.html (in Ukrainian).
22. Ukrayina zabezpechena palʹnym ta resursamy dlya provedennya posivnoyi – prem'yer Shmyhalʹ (Ukraine is provided with fuel and resources for sowing - Prime Minister Smigal). Retrieved from: https://interfax.com.ua/news/economic/820913.html (in Ukrainian).