THE GLOBALIZATION CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EXPORT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE WORLD

Abstract

The problem of the globalization of education was analyzed and it was determined that it unfolds in three main directions: 1) the possibility of involving participants in global education in the global values of humanity, such as sustainable development and environmental protection; 2) the impact of the development of informatization and time-space boundaries on the emergence of new forms of education on a global scale; 3) the possibility of social explanation of pedagogy in the conditions of globalization, which is expressed in changes in the contexts of critical pedagogy, pedagogy of intercultural communications, etc. The trends of globalization of education, manifested in a completely new process of formation of the market of global educational services, lead to the justification of a new pedagogical system, the characteristic features of which in many respects can already be determined today, in particular: first, the processes of commercialization of education and the emergence of transnational and non-university providers on markets of educational services gradually lead to the transformation of the educational process formed during the thousand-year history of the existence of university education, which accumulated the achievements of spiritual culture; secondly, the globalization of education and the wide use of technological possibilities of communications, which are not provided with adequate didactics, contribute to the deterioration of the quality of professional education and training; thirdly, the reduction of the influence of classical institutional education with, mainly, the physical presence of the subjects of the learning process, increases the risk of desocialization of students locked in the limited space of the computer and deprived of the possibility of dialogic communication with peers and teachers, which for centuries was considered the cornerstone of education personality Globalization and export of higher education are different, but interrelated concepts. Globalization involves the circulation of ideas, resources, personnel, economic models, cultures, knowledge, goods, services and technologies on a global scale. It is determined that the export of higher education is aimed at establishing mutual understanding between nations, people, cultures, institutions and systems. During the last decades of intensive development, the scale, sphere of influence and quality of export of higher education have increased. The modern interpretation of the process of exporting higher education as the circulation of personnel does not take into account the potential threat of individual mobility, in particular in the direction of competition for talented youth between countries with the greatest shortage of scientific personnel. Secondly, the growing demand for international qualifications leads to the use of fake diplomas issued by so-called “diploma factories”, as well as to an increase in the number of “accreditation factories” that certify the fraudulent activities of unscrupulous universities. Thirdly, in a number of countries there is an excessive desire to receive income from the tuition fees of foreign students, which causes a decrease in academic standards and the development of “visa factories”. Fourth, increased commercialization of transnational franchising and joint educational programs represent a threat to the quality and relevance of higher education in some regions of the world. That is why in further studies it is necessary to pay serious attention to the definition and cultivation of values that form the basis of the export of higher education.