LEGISLATIVE TOOLS AGAINST AIDING AN AGGRESSOR STATE: ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERIENCE OF THE USA, THE UK, AND THE BALTIC STATES
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Abstract
The author analyzes legislative and law enforcement mechanisms for combating assistance to aggressor states in the United States, the United Kingdom, the Baltic States, and at the international level. The study examines historical precedents and legislative acts such as the Espionage Act of 1917, the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, the Official Secrets Act of 1989, as well as international treaties such as the Geneva Conventions and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Specific cases, including the Rosenbergs, John Walker, Ana Montes, Kim Philby, George Blake, and modern instances of Russian espionage, are analyzed. Particular attention is given to measures taken by the Baltic States to counter Russian aggression, including criminal liability for collaboration with the aggressor, bans on pro-Russian organizations, and information security control. The conclusion highlights the importance of utilizing international law and national legislation to combat assistance to aggressor states and explores the potential application of this experience in Ukraine.
How to Cite
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aiding an aggressor state; U.S. legislation; UK legislation; Baltic States legislation; international law; war crimes; espionage; collaborationism; sanctions; information security; Geneva Conventions; Rome Statute; International Criminal Court; combating aggression; national security
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