ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article is a study of the current state of the income and expenditure structure of the population in Ukraine, in particular, the level of income and expenditure in the context of national integration into the world economy. The purpose of the study in the article is to analyse the current state of the income and expenditure structure of the population in Ukraine in the context of national integration into the world economy. The object of the research is the financial provision of the population of Ukraine; the subject is the dynamics of the structure of incomes and expenditures of the population of Ukraine. Methodology. During the writing of the article, the following research methods are used: the search for available methodological and scientific literature, comparison, clarification of causal relationships, systematization, analysis of documentation and results of researchers’ work on the problem of the conducted research and expert evaluation. Results. During the research, it is observed that social security and wages rank one of the most important places in the income structure. So they are stressed. Social security includes pensions and various types of benefits (temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, child care up to 3 years of age, caring for a sick child, burial, assistance for disabled people whose income is less than the established limit of low income, etc.). Social security also provides for the provision of assistance in kind (care for the disabled, elderly people in specialized institutions – at boarding houses and at home). In Soviet times, all social payments were made exclusively by the state. It is established that sources of financing social protection services and social security, in accordance with the Budget Code of Ukraine, are state and local budgets. Expenditures of social orientation include expenditures on health care, spiritual and physical development, education, social protection and social security. We consider the actual structure of income of the population. Social payments are second only to wages earned by Ukrainians at the expense of the state budget. Their share accounts for 36.6% of all incomes. The state budget and other local budgets of Ukraine are by their nature social budgets, and their main expenses are the very different social payments. They include both retirement benefits and scholarships, and various social benefits for the period of temporary disability, and compensation for the cost of services for housing and communal services, etc. On the basis of statistical data, it is established that the minimum wage is not even balanced with the size of the consumer basket, the content of which is very scanty. For example, in developed countries, the size of the consumer basket is the basis for determining the size of the subsistence wage and the minimum wage. According to experts, in order for the minimum wage in Ukraine to cover the costs of the goods and services listed in the consumer basket, it should increase threefold. Reducing the proportion of social benefits in the structure of incomes and increasing the share of social assistance is considered as a positive moment. This indicates an increase in the targeting of social protection measures. The strategy of gradual reduction of the system of privileges will help to improve the system of support of poor people with limited budgetary resources. Practical implications. The author of the article analyses the current state of the structure of incomes and expenditures of the population of Ukraine, taking into account aspects of national integration into the world economy. The author analyses statistics on income and expenditure of the population and international legal acts on social protection of the population. The conclusion is made on the research direction. Value/originality. The article uses the latest statistics concerning the structure of incomes and expenditures of the population of Ukraine and the structure of expenditures from the budget on financing of the population.