QUALIFICATION GAP IN THE UKRAINIAN LABOUR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR: REGIONAL ASPECT
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the war on the state of regional labour markets and the qualification gap for professions requiring higher education. Methodology. In the course of the research, the author used general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analytical grouping) and special (abstraction, modelling, benchmarking studies, etc.) methods of studying economic phenomena and processes. Results. A study was carried out on the labour market situation among individuals with higher education across the following professional groups: executives and managers; and professionals and specialists in six Ukrainian oblasts (Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia, Kyiv, Odesa, Kharkiv, and Khmelnytskyi) and the city of Kyiv, with regard to the existence of a qualification gap. Given that employers' requests primarily shape the job market, the situation for groups of professions requiring higher education was studied, and the availability of the relevant unemployed was compared over time. The qualification gap was determined based on the following considerations. If an employer publishes a need for a specialist in a particular profession (qualification), then if there are unemployed people in the same profession, it means that they do not meet the employer's needs. If they did, then there would be no unemployed. The author proposes a methodology for quantifying the level of the qualification gap, analysing it in dynamics and for any region (regardless of the number of labour force and size) based on the determination of the gap coefficient. It was used to make a comparative assessment of the existence, level and dynamics of changes in the qualification gap for 6 oblasts of Ukraine and the city of Kyiv for specialists with higher education. Possible causes of the qualification gap are identified and analysed. Practical significance. The results have practical implications and can be used to develop measures to overcome the qualification gap in the labour market for people with higher education in times of war and with due regard for the needs of the country's post-war recovery. Relevance/Originality. The novelty of the study is that it proposes a methodology for quantifying the level of the qualification gap, which allows for comparative assessments, regardless of the quantitative characteristics of the labour force and jobs (size) in the region. This made it possible to analyse the situation with the qualification gap in each of the analysed regions and the city of Kyiv, to compare them by this indicator and to identify possible causes of the phenomenon and the impact of migration processes. The analysis showed that there is a potential to overcome the qualification gap both during the war and at the stage of post-war reconstruction of the country.
How to Cite
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
qualification gap, labour market, employment, unemployment, wages, people with higher education, disparities
Perry, A., Wiederhold, S., & Ackermann-Piek, D. (2014). How Can Skill Mis match Be Measured? New Approaches with PIAAC. Methods, Data, Analyses, Vol. 8. No 2, p. 137–174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12758/mda.2014.006
Zhuk, І. L. (2014). Methodological approaches to measuring skill mismatch. Ekonomika ta derzhava, Vol. 7, p. 41–44.
Olson, M. P. (2015). A Multilateral Approach to Bridging the Global Skills Gap. Cornell HR Review. Available at: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1072&context=chrr
Cappelli, P. H. (2015). Skill Gaps, Skill Shortages, and Skill Mismatches: Evidence and Arguments for the United States. ILR Review, Vol. 68 (2), p. 251–290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793914564961
Ilich, L. М. (2015). Matching skills for labour market needs: problems and solutions. Demography and Social Economy, Vol. 3 (25), p. 173–184.
Lennart Bütha, Vikrant Bhakarb, Nitesh Sihagb, Gerrit Posselta, Stefan Böhmea, Kuldip Singh Sangwanb, Christoph Herrmanna (2017). Bridging the qualification gap between academia and industry in India. Procedia Manufacturing, Vol. 9, p. 275–282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.04.009
İsmail Cem Sezera, Metehan Feridun Sorkun (2024). An investigation on logistics firms’ human resources qualifications in transition to Industry 4.0: An insight from Türkiye. Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 232, p. 2580–2587. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.02.076
Pinar Bilge and Mustafa Severengiz (2019). Analysis of industrial engineering qualification for the job market. Procedia Manufacturing, Vol. 33, p. 725–731. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.04.091
Bernd Hayo, Duncan H. W. (2024). Roth The perceived impact of immigration on native workers’ labour market outcomes. European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 85, p. 1–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102610
Andy Dickersona, Anita Ratcliffeb, Bertha Rohenkohlc, Nicolas Van de Sijpe (2024). Anticipated labour marketdiscrimination andeducational achievement. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Vol. 222, p. 375–393. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2024.04.014
Stefan Sacchi, Robin Samuel (2024). Variation in unemployment scarring across labor markets. A comparative factorial survey experiment using real vacancies. Research in Social Strati cation and Mobility, Vol. 93, p. 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100959
Lucía Mejía Dorantes, Heather Allen (2024). A review of the future transport labour market: An EU approach. European Transport Studies, Vol. 1, p. 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ets.2024.100007
Anne Marie Thake (2024). Chapter 13 Transitioning to a green economy - the impact on the labor market and workforce skills. Greening Our Economy for a Sustainable Future. A volume in Science of Sustainable Systems. P. 163–175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-23603-7.00013-3
Inmaculada Garcia-Mainar, Victor M. Montuenga (2019). The signalling role of over-education and qualifications mismatch. Journal of Policy Modeling. Vol. 41, Issue 1, January–February, p. 99–119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2019.02.015
Irina Panovska, Licheng Zhang (2024). Jobless recoveries and time variation in labor markets. Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol. 81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2024.103623
Tyshchenko, М., Verba, D., Garashchenko, S., & Verkhovod, І. (2022). Factors of the gender wage gap at Ukrainian energy enterprises. Financial and Credit Activity Problems of Theory and Practice, Vol. 6(41), p. 512–520. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v6i41.251518
Yurchuk, N., Leshchuk, H., Tkachenko, O., Kotenok, A., & Cherviakova D. (2021). Labor market of Ukraine in conditions of system crisis. Financial and Credit Activity Problems of Theory and Practice, Vol. 1(36), p. 496–503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.228108
Luhova, V., Hutorov, A., Yarmolenko, J., Ivashchenko, T., Gutorov, O., & Bakun, Y. (2021). External labor migration and its consequences for the labor market of Ukraine. Financial and Credit Activity Problems of Theory and Practice, Vol. 5(40), p. 514–523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v5i40.245209
Nazarova, G., Honcharova, S., Achkasova, O., Nazarov, N., Semenchenko, A., & Khomenko, P. (2024). Impact of digitalization of the economy on transformation of the labor market: opportunities and threats. Financial and Credit Activity Problems of Theory and Practice, Vol. 3(56), p. 459–473. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.3.56.2024.4391
Sydorenko, V. V. (2024). Skills gap in the labor market of Ukraine: situation and mechanisms for overcoming IT. Bulletin of Postgraduate education. Issue 28(57) Educational Sciences Series. Р. 191–211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58442/2218-7650-2024-28(57)-191-211
Chorna, N., & Chornyi, R. (2020). The labour market in Ukraine: current challenges. Ekonomichnyi chasopys Skhidnoievropeiskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Lesi Ukrainky. CHAPTER ІІ. Economics and management of the national economy. Vol. 1, p. 64–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29038/2411-4014-2020-01-64-73
Ilich, L. М. (2017). Interaction between labour and education markets: essence, character features and the functioning model. Ekonomika ta derzhava, Vol. 4, p. 69–74.
Kuznetsova, N. B. (2021). The skills gap as a global problem of human capital development: essence, causes and ways to overcome it. European Vector of Economic Development, Vol. 2 (31), p. 20–34.
Brun-Schammé, A., & Rey, M. (2021). A new approach to skills mismatch. OECD Productivity Working Papers. 24. OECD Publishing, Paris. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/e9563c2a-en
McKenney M. J., & Handley H. A. (2019). Identifying and Quantifying Personnel Skill Gaps. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Vol. 63 (1), p. 332–336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631078
Slim Zidi, Rachel Campos Sabioni, Hamza Bouzekri (2024). Towards a Modular Approach for Workforce Qualification in Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems. Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 232, p. 2551–2559. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.02.073
Francesco Smaldone, Adelaide Ippolito, Jelena Lagger, Marco Pellicano (2022). Employability skills: Profiling data scientists in the digital labour market.
European Management Journal. Vol. 40, Issue 5, p. 671–684. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2022.05.005
Kulishov, V.; Herasymenko, Y.; Furs, O. & Pakhomov, I. (2024). Labour Market of Ukraine and Meeting Post-War Workforce Supply Market Demands. Economics Ecology Socium, Vol. 8, p. 27–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61954/2616-7107/2024.8.3-3
Serohina, N. (2023). Employment of the population under martial law as an integral component of ensuring national security. Law and public administration, Vol. 2, p. 171–186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32840/pdu.2023.2.26
Vasyl’yeva, О. О., Horoshkova, L. А., & Shvydka, S. P. (2023) The imbalance of the labor market in Ukraine: current trends and guidelines for overcoming disproportions. University Economic Bulletin, Vol. 57, p. 99–109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31470/2306-546X-2023-57-99-109
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.