THE IMPACT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ON IMPROVING A COUNTRY'S COMPETITIVENESS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALISATION

Abstract

The article examines the impact of the digital economy on the formation of competitive advantages of states in a globalised environment and identifies key factors that ensure economic growth in the context of digital transformation. The present study conducts an analysis of contemporary scientific approaches to the interpretation of the digital economy, its structure and components, including digital infrastructure, digital platforms, and digital competencies. This study places particular emphasis on the research conducted by prominent international organisations, namely the OECD, World Bank, UNCTAD and WEF. The outcomes of these research endeavours have substantiated a direct and positive correlation between a nation's digital maturity level, its labour productivity dynamics and its competitiveness in global markets. The key areas of influence of the digital economy on macroeconomic development are revealed: increasing productivity and innovation, expanding opportunities for small and medium-sized businesses, developing digital government services, transforming the labour market, and strengthening the role of intellectual capital. The evidence presented indicates that digitalisation fosters the active inclusion of countries in international value chains, accelerates the diffusion of technologies, increases the attractiveness of economies for investors, and stimulates the development of innovative entrepreneurship. The primary challenges associated with digital transformation have been delineated, namely digital inequality, cyber risks, staff shortages, and the mounting necessity for digital skills within the population. It has been established that successful states overcome these limitations by implementing comprehensive digital strategies, modernising education, investing in infrastructure and forming innovative ecosystems. Particular attention is paid to Ukraine's opportunities within the context of the global digital economy. Thanks to its developed IT sector, the high level of digital competence among young people, active state digital reforms, and European integration processes, it has been determined that the country has significant potential for digital development. According to forecasts, systematic digitalisation could ensure GDP growth of 10–12%, increase IT service exports to 15 billion USD by 2030, deliver annual productivity growth of 1.5–2%, and expand the presence of SMEs in international markets by 20–25%. These results emphasise that the digital economy is becoming a fundamental element of modern competitiveness and a strategic tool for long-term development in the global economy. The article may be of use to researchers and specialists in the fields of economic policy, public administration, digital transformation, and innovative development.