THE RIGHT OF THE PUBLIC ON PUBLICLY HEARD AND OPEN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONTEXT OF PREVENTING CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC CRIME BY JUDICIAL POWER

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
Published: Oct 29, 2019
https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-59-73

  Mykhailo Vilhushynskyi

  Lidiia Moskvych

Abstract

The purpose of the paper is the system analysis of legal, organizational, and procedural mechanisms of the realization of the right of the public and mass media on their participation in transparent and open criminal proceedings in the context of preventing corruption and economic crimes within the system of judicial power, as well as the development of scientifically substantiated recommendations for the improvement of the current legislation of Ukraine on the judicial system taking into account the most advanced international practices. The interconnectedness of effective implementation of the principles of transparency and openness of criminal proceedings with the restoration of trust in the judicial system from the side of civil society has been substantiated. Methodology. To solve the tasks set in the dissertation, the authors have used a complex of general and special scientific methods. Logical and cognitive methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction) made it possible to study general conditions for the organization and procedure of the implementation of the principles of transparency and openness during the cassation appeal of decisions in criminal proceedings. The system and structural method has assisted to determine the essential and content characteristics of the principles of transparency and openness within criminal proceedings, as well as to reveal their significance and correlation while ensuring the judiciary by the cassation court. The formal and legal method made it possible to reveal the proper legal procedure for implementing the principles of transparency and openness during the criminal proceedings by the cassation court. Modelling method allowed determining the ways to improve the legislation on the judiciary and criminal procedural legislation in part to more effective implementation of the principles of transparency and openness in the criminal procedure of Ukraine. The comparative and legal method was used in clarifying the relationship between the levels of domestic and international legal regulation of the implementation of the principles of transparency and openness of criminal proceedings. Experimental methods were used to construct grounded theoretical and applied provisions that adequately reflect the features and interrelations of the processes of implementing the principles of transparency and openness within criminal proceedings, confirmation or refutation of certain concepts, views, their examination by means of thought or subject experimentation based on practice criteria. Result of solving this purpose is to form the author’s understanding that members of the public (the general public) and mass media cannot be holders of jurisdictional rights, that is, those rights that are exercised in the course of court proceedings by involved persons as a result of their criminal procedural status (parties and other participants in criminal proceedings). That is, members of the public and the general public, as well as members of mass media, who are not entitled to the right for public court proceedings but are subjects to the right to obtain information about public court proceedings, the administration of transparent and open justice. Practical implications. Ensuring reliable public control over the judiciary through the widespread use of mass media will effectively prevent corruption and commission of economic crimes by the judges. Value/originality. Amendments and alterations to the national legislation on the judiciary and the Criminal Procedural Code have been offered, which would facilitate the more effective implementation of the right to transparent and open court proceedings by the public and mass media, ensure public control over the judiciary in the exercise of its procedural activities, and guarantee the right of every one to obtain information on the administration of justice in line with European standards.

How to Cite

Vilhushynskyi, M., & Moskvych, L. (2019). THE RIGHT OF THE PUBLIC ON PUBLICLY HEARD AND OPEN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONTEXT OF PREVENTING CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC CRIME BY JUDICIAL POWER. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, 5(4), 59-73. https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-59-73
Article views: 919 | PDF Downloads: 588

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

publicity principle, transparency principle, corruption, economic crimes, criminal judicial system, criminal procedure

References

Relevant problems of Ensuring Publicity of Judicial Power. URL: http://advocat-cons.info/index.php?newsid=14166#.WnWTH65l_cs

Boikov, A. D. (1989). Glasnost i pravosudie [Publicity and Justice]. Sovetskoie hosudarstvo i pravo, 8, 14.

British Journalists Will Highlight Trials with the Help of Twitter. URL: http://www.telekfltika.ua/news/2010-12-20/58554

Budnikova, L. I., & Budnikov, V. L. (1999). Glasnost ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva [Publicity of Criminal Proceedings]. Mass Media and Legal Culture of Population: materials of International scientific and practical conference. Volhohrad : Volhohrad Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Open Court // Official portal. URL: http://open-court.org

Leonenko, V. V., Miller, A. I., Siryi, N. I., & Chanhuli, H. I. (1993). Publicity of Court Activity on Criminal Cases: [manual]. Kyiv: Nauk. dumka.

Hrytsenko, I. S., & Prylutskyi, S. V. (2015). Vplyv hromadianskoho suspilstva na stanovlennia sudovoi vlady v Ukraini [Influence of Civil Society on the Establishment of Judicial Power in Ukraine]. Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva, 2, 214–222.

Hrytsenko, I. S., & Prylutskyi, S. V. (2015). Sudova vlada i hromadianske suspilstvo [ Judicial Power and Civil Society]: the Concept of Interaction. Visnyk kryminalnoho sudochynstva, 1, 241–249.

Hroshevoi, Yu. M. (1972). Obshestvennoe mnenie i prigovor sovetskogo suda [Public Opinion and the Verdict of the Soviet Court] : Lecture notes. Kharkiv. Reference Information for Citizens on the Activities of the Cassation Criminal Court within the Supreme Court. URL: https://supreme.court.gov.ua/supreme/pro_sud/dovidkova_info_dlya_gromadyan_kks/

Zakon Ukrainy vid 2 chervnia 2016 roku № 1402-VIII «Pro sudoustrii i status suddiv» (stanom na 12.07.2018 r.) [Law of Ukraine dated from June 2, 2016. No. 1402-VIII “On Judiciary and Status of Judges” (as of July 12, 2018)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2016. No. 31. Art. 545.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 7 lypnia 2010 roku № 2453-VI «Pro sudoustrii i status suddiv» [Law of Ukraine dated from July 7, 2010. No. 2453-VI “On Judiciary and Status of Judges”]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2010. No. 41–42. Art. 529.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 14 zhovtnia 2014 roku № 1700-VII «Pro zapobihannia koruptsii» [Law of Ukraine dated from October 14, 2014. No. 1700-VIІ “On Prevention of Corruption”]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2014. No. 49. Art. 2056.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 22 hrudnia 2005 roku № 3262-IV «Pro dostup do sudovykh rishen» (stanom na 3.10.2017 r.) [Law of Ukraine dated from December 22, 2005. No. 3262-IV “On Access to Judgements” (as of October 3, 2017)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2006. No. 15. Art. 128.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 13 sichnia 2011 roku № 2939-VI «Pro dostup do publichnoi informatsii» (stanom na 9.04.2015 r.) [Law of Ukraine dated from January 13, 2011. No. 2939-VI “On Access to Public Information” (as of April 9, 2015)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2011. No. 32. Art. 314.

Zakony Ukrainy vid 2 zhovtnia 1992 roku № 2657-KhII «Pro informatsiiu» v redaktsii Zakonu Ukrainy vid 13.01.2011 r. № 2938-VI (stanom na 06.12.2016 r.) [Laws of Ukraine dated from October 2, 1992. No. 2657-ХІІ “On Information” in the edition of Law of Ukraine dated from January 13, 2011. No. 2938- VI (as of December 6, 2016)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2011. No. 32. Art. 313.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 8 kvitnia 2014 roku № 1188-VII «Pro vidnovlennia doviry do sudovoi vlady v Ukraini» (stanom na 21.12.2016 r.) [Law of Ukraine dated from April 8, 2014. No. 1188-VII “On Restoring Trust to Judicial Power in Ukraine” (as of December 21, 2016)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2014. No. 23. Art. 870.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 12 liutoho 2015 roku № 192-VIII «Pro zabezpechennia prava na spravedlyvyi sud» (stanom na 21.12.2016 r.) [Law of Ukraine dated from February 12, 2015. No. 192-VIII “On Guaranteeing the Right to Fair Trial” (as of December 21, 2016)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2015. No. 18, No. 19-20. Art. 132.

Zakon Ukrainy vid 23 liutoho 2006 roku № 3477-IV «Pro vykonannia rishen ta zastosuvannia praktyky Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav liudyny» (stanom na 16.10.2012 r.) [Law of Ukraine dated from February 23, 2006. No. 3477-ІV “On Execution of Judgements and Implementation of the Practice of the European Court of Human Rights” (as of October 16, 2012)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2006. No. 30. Art. 260.

Zakon Ukrainy «Pro ochyshchennia vlady» (stanom na 21.12.2017r.) vid 16 veresnia 2014 roku № 1682-VII [Law of Ukraine “On Purification of Power” (as of December 21, 2017) dated from September 16, 2014. No. 1682-VІІ]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy (VVR). 2014. No. 44. Art. 2041.

Konventsiia pro zakhyst prav liudyny i osnovopolozhnykh svobod vid 4 lystopada 1950 roku [Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms dated from November 4, 1950]. URL: http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_004

Konventsiia Orhanizatsii Obiednanykh Natsii proty koruptsii 2003 roku: ratyfikovana Zakonom Ukrainy vid 18.10.2006 № 251-V [UN Convention against Corruption of 2003: ratified by the Law of Ukraine dated from October 18, 2006. No. 251-V]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2006. No. 50. Art. 496.

Konstytutsiia Ukrainy [Constitution of Ukraine]. URL: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254к/96-вр

Korol, V. V. (2015). Suchasni formy hromadskoho kontroliu v sudakh i yikh vplyv na realizatsiiu zasadnychykh polozhen hlasnosti y vidkrytosti kryminalnoho provadzhennia [Modern Forms of Public Control in Courts and Their Influence on the Implementation of the Basic Principles of Transparency and Openness of Criminal Proceedings]. Prykarpatskyi yurydychnyi visnyk, 3(9), 291–296.

Korol, V. V. (2015). Orhanizatsiini ta protsesualni formy realizatsii zasady hlasnosti i vidkrytosti kryminalnoho provadzhennia [Organizational and Procedural Forms of Implementing the Principle of Transparency and Openness of Criminal Proceedings]. Pravo і suspilstvo, 4(2), 185–192.

Korol, V. V. (2003). Zasada hlasnosti kryminalnoho sudochynstva Ukrainy: poniattia, zmist, pidstavy obmezhennia [Principle of Publicity of Criminal Proceedings of Ukraine: Concept, Content, Reasons for Restriction]. Ivano-Frankivsk: Plai.

Hroshevyi, Yu. M., Tatsii, V. Ya., Tumaniants, A. P., and others (2013). Kryminalnyi protses [Criminal Procedure]: textbook. Kharkiv: Pravo.

Kryminalnyi protsesualnyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 13 kvitnia 2012 roku № 4651-VI (stanom na 16 lystopada 2017 roku) [Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine dated from April 13, 2012. No. 4651-VI (as of November 16, 2017)]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2012. No. 9-10, No. 11-12, No. 13. Art. 88. URL: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4651-17/print1487012800234384

Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 5 kvitnia 2001 roku [Criminal Code of Ukraine dated from April 5, 2001]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2001. No. 25-26. Art. 131.

Levi, A. A., & Horinov, Yu. A. (1983). Zvukozapis i videozapis v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve [Sound Recording and Video Recording in Criminal Proceedings]. Moskva: Yurid. lit.

Leonenko, V. V., Miller, A. I., Siryi, N. I., & Chanhuli, H. I. (1993). Glasnost sudebnoj deyatelnosti po ugolovnym delam [Publicity of Court Activity on Criminal Cases]. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. (in Ukrainian)

Makarova, Z. V. (1993). Glasnost ugolovnogo processa [Publicity of Criminal Proceedings] : monograph. Under edition of Z. Z. Zinatulina. Cheliabinsk: ChHTU.

Maliarenko, V. T. (1998). Hlasnist sudovoho protsesu ta yoho povne fiksuvannia tekhnichnymy zasobamy yak odna iz osnovnykh konstytutsiinykh zasad kryminalnoho sudochynstva [Publicity of Criminal Proceedings and Its Complete recording by Technical Means as One of the Main Constitutional Principles of Criminal Justice]. Visnyk Verkhovnoho Sudu Ukrainy, 4(10), 26–33.

Nakaz Derzhavnoi sudovoi administratsii Ukrainy vid 6 travnia 2011 roku № 93 «Pro zatverdzhennia Polozhennia pro poriadok orhanizatsii dostupu do publichnoi informatsii, shcho znakhodytsia u volodinni Derzhavnoi sudovoi administratsii Ukrainy [Order of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine dated from May 6, 2011. No. 93 “On Approval of the Regulation on the Procedure for the Organization of Access to Public Information in the Possession of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine”]. URL: http://dsa.court.gov.ua/dsa/pybinf/ndsa19/

Nakaz Derzhavnoi sudovoi administratsii Ukrainy vid 17 hrudnia 2013 roku № 173 «Pro zatverdzhennia Instruktsii z dilovodstva v mistsevykh zahalnykh sudakh, apeliatsiinykh sudakh oblastei, apeliatsiinykh sudakh mist Kyieva ta Sevastopolia, Apeliatsiinomu sudi Avtonomnoi Respubliky Krym ta Vyshchomu spetsializovanomu sudi Ukrainy z rozghliadu tsyvilnykh i kryminalnykh sprav» [Order of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine dated from December 17, 2013. No. 173 “On Approval of the Instruction on Records Management in Local General Courts, Regional Appeal Courts, Appellate Courts of Kyiv and Sevastopol, the Court of Appeal of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Supreme Specialized Court of Ukraine on Civil and Criminal Cases”]. URL: http://dsa.court.gov.ua

Ovsiannikova, O. O. (2009). Transparentnist sudovoi vlady [Transparency of Judicial Power]: Synopsis of a thesis … candidate of law sciences by specialty 12.00.10 – judiciary; prosecutor’s office and the bar. Kharkiv.

Ovsiannikova, O. O. (2008). Transparentnist sudovoi vlady: poniattia ta zmist [Transparency of Judicial Power: Concept and Content]. Visnyk Akademii pravovykh nauk Ukrainy, 4(55), 228–237.

Petryshyn, A. P. (2017). Konstiucionno-pravovye osnovy glasnosti pravosudiya v Rossii [Constitutional and Legal Basis of Justice Transparency in Russia]: dissertation for a candidate of law sciences : specialty 12.00.02 “Constitutional Law; constitutional court proceedings; municipal law”. Moscow.

Petrukhin, I. L. (1981). Glasnost sudoproizvodstva [Publicity of Judicial System]. Constitutional Basis in the USSR. Moskva: Nauka.

Poriadok vzaiemodii Verkhovnoho Sudu z predstavnykamy zasobiv masovoi informatsii: nakaz Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 7 lystopada 2018 roku № 173-OD [Interaction Procedure between the Supreme Court and Mass Media Representatives: order of the Supreme Court dated from November 7, 2018. No 173-OD]. URL: https://supreme.court.gov.ua/supreme/pres-centr/vzaemodiya/

Pohoretskyi, M. A., & Yanovska, O. H. Vidkrytist ta prozorist sudovoi systemy: problemy realizatsii mizhnarodnykh standartiv v Ukraini [Transparency and Openness of the Judicial System: Problems of Realization of International Standards in Ukraine]. URL: http://lcslaw.knu.ua/index.php/arkhiv-nomeriv/2-3-2013/item/111-vidkrytist-taprozorist-sudovoi-systemy-problemy-realizatsii-mizhnarodnykh-standartiv-v-ukraini-pohoretskyi-m-a-yanovska-o-h

Praskova, S. V. (2004). Teoreticheskie osnovy glasnosti pravosudiya [Theoretical Basis of Justice Publicity]: Synopsis of a thesis … candidate of law sciences]. Moskva.

Rada suddiv Ukrainy, Tsentr suddivskykh studii, Asotsiatsiia suddiv Ukrainy (2009). Rehionalna model zmitsnennia nezalezhnosti suddiv [Regional Model of Strengthening Independence of the Judges: Practical manual for Judges commissions]. Collective of authors, Judges Commission of Ukraine, The Center of Judges Groups, Association of Ukrainian Judges. Kyiv: Polihraf-Ekspres.

Rekomendatsii vid 10 chervnia 2003 roku № R (2003). 13 Komitetu ministriv Rady Yevropy derzhavam-chlenam pro poriadok nadannia informatsii pro provadzhennia u kryminalnykh spravakh cherez zasoby masovoi informatsii. Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy [Recommendations dated from June 10, 2003. № R (2003) 13 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on the procedure for providing information on criminal proceedings through the mass media]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_870

Rekomendatsiia CM/Rec (2010). 12 Komitetu ministriv Rady Yevropy derzhavam-chlenam shchodo suddiv: nezalezhnist, efektyvnist ta oboviazky. Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy [Recommendation CM/Rec (2010) 12 of the The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on judges: independence, efficiency and responsibilities]. URL: http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/cgi-bin/laws/main.cgi?nreg=994_a38

Repeshko, P. I. Osveshenie v SMI sudebnyh processov kak sredstvo obespecheniya otkrytosti i glasnosti sudoproizvodstva (ukrainskij opyt) [Media Coverage of Court Processes as a Mean of Ensuring Transparency and Publicity of the Judiciary (Ukrainian Experience)]. URL: http://www.medialaw.kiev.ua/zmisud/sudanalityka/226/

Rishennia Vyshchoi rady pravosuddia vid 19 kvitnia 2018 roku № 1200/0/15-18 «Pro zatverdzhennia Poriadku vedennia Yedynoho derzhavnoho reiestru sudovykh rishen» [Resolution of the High Council for Justice dated from April 19, 2018. No. 1200/0/15-18 “On Approval of the Procedure of Operating the Unified State Register of Court Decisions”]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v1200910-18

Rikhter, A. H. (2003). Glasnost pravosudiya i prava zhurnalistov [Transparency of Justice and Rights of Journalists]. Legislation and Practice of Mass Media, 12, 13–17.

Romanov, S. V., & Holovanov, D. A. Princip glasnosti ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva i sredstva massovoj informacii: istoricheskoe razvitie i sovremennaya problematika [Principle of Publicity of Criminal Proceedings and Mass Media: Historical Development and Modern Problems]. URL: http://www.medialaw.kiev.ua/zmisud/sudanalityka/197/

Marek Safian (2007). Rol suddiv pry pobudovi hromadianskoho suspilstva [The Role of Judges in Building Civil Society]. Judiciary and Judicial System in Ukraine, 7, 114–121.

Sida, Yu. S. (2005). Sudova vlada v umovakh transformatsii ukrainskoho suspilstva [ Judicial Power in Terms of Transformation of Ukrainian Society]: Synopsis of a thesis … candidate of sociological sciences: by specialty 22.00.04. V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Kharkiv.

Smirnov, A. V. Problemy otkrytosti sudebnoj vlasti dlya grazhdanskogo obshestva. Ekspertnoe issledovanie na osnove pravoprimenitelnoj praktiki ugolovnyh sudov Sankt-Peterburga i Leningradskoj oblasti [Problems of

Trasparency of Judicial Power for Civil Society. Expert research based on law-enforcement practice of criminal courts of St. Petersburg and Leningrad region]. URL: http://www.kalinovsky-k.narod.ru/b/sav-tr0.htm

Smirnov, A. V. Publichnost (otkrytost) sudebnoj vlasti kak uslovie demokratii v Rossii [Publicity (Openness) of Judicial Power as the Condition for Democracy in Russia]. URL: http://kalinovsky-k.narod.ru/b/st/smirnov2004.htm

Staly vidomi indykatory vyznachennia nevidpovidnosti suddiv kryteriiam dobrochesnosti [Indicators for Determining the Inconsistency of Judges with the Criteria of Integrity Became Known]. Tsentr suddivskykh studii, 2019. URL: http://judges.org.ua/crime/www.law.indiana.edu/dig15567.htm

Judicial Power of Ukraine: Official web portal. URL: http://court.gov.ua

Fluri, F., & Badrak, V. (2016). Antykoruptsiini zakhody v Ukraini pislia Revoliutsii Hidnosti : kliuchovi zakonodavchi aspekty [Anticorruption Measures in Ukraine after the Revolution of Dignity : Key Legislative Aspects]. Kyiv.

Shushanashvili, A. A. (1969). Glasnost v sovetskom ugolovnom processe [Publicity within Soviet Criminal Procedure]. Tbilisi.

Issue
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2019): Baltic Journal of Economic Studies