THE POSITIVE OBLIGATIONS OF THE STATE TO PROMOTE THE REALIZATION OF THE RIGHT TO HOUSING IN THE CONDITIONS OF FULL-SCALE WAR IN UKRAINE
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Published:
Jan 17, 2024
Abstract
The right to housing is a person’s constitutional right, a component of the right to a proper (sufficient) standard of living; the responsibility for creating the conditions for its implementation rests with the state. The state has a positive obligation to a person to create appropriate conditions for exercising and protecting the right to housing. In the need for a full-scale war, these obligations of the state transformed. The state, adhering to the principles of private law, cannot interfere in civil (personal) relations except for exceptions established by law. In this connection, there is a need to create new and improve existing legal mechanisms to promote realizing the right to housing. Forms of assistance in realizing the right to housing should include: 1) provision of preferential mortgage loans by state financial institutions at the expense of grant funds; 2) provision of preferential mortgage loans at the expense of budget funds; 3) formation of a housing fund for temporary residence of internally displaced persons; 4) compensation of costs for temporary accommodation of internally displaced persons; 5) compensation on the current account or financing of construction or acquisition of new real estate in case of destruction or damage of individual real estate objects.
How to Cite
Hnativ, O. (2024). THE POSITIVE OBLIGATIONS OF THE STATE TO PROMOTE THE REALIZATION OF THE RIGHT TO HOUSING IN THE CONDITIONS OF FULL-SCALE WAR IN UKRAINE. Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, (4), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2023-4-1
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Keywords
residential relations, the right to housing, civil legal concerns, property rights, and the right to use accommodation
References
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12. Kredyt dlya vpo za rakhunok hrantovykh koshtiv uryadu Nimechchyny, shcho nadayutʹsya cherez bank rozvytku KfW [A credit for internally displaced persons at the expense of grant funds of the German government, provided through the KfW development bank]. Retrieved from: https://www.molod-kredit.gov.ua/zhytlovi-prohramy/kredyt-dlia-vpo-kfw [in Ukrainian]
13. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny «Pytannya nadannya pilʹhovykh ipotechnykh kredytiv vnutrishn ʹo peremishchenym osobam za rakhunok koshtiv hrantu, nadanykh Kredytnoyu ustanovoyu dlya vidbudovy (KfW)» vid 28 kvitnya 2021 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «Issue of providing preferential mortgage loans to internally displaced persons at the expense of grant funds provided by the Credit Institution for Reconstruction (KfW)» from April 28, 2021]. Retrieved from: https://www.molod-kredit.gov.ua/zhytlovi-prohramy/kredyt-dlia-vpo-kfw [in Ukrainian]
14. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny «Deyaki pytannya zabezpechennya pryvatnym aktsionernym tovarystvom «Ukrayinsʹka finansova zhytlova kompaniya» dostupnoho ipotechnoho kredytuvannya hromadyan Ukrayiny» vid 02 serpnya 2022 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «Some issues of providing affordable mortgage lending to citizens of Ukraine by the private joint-stock company «Ukrainian Financial Housing Company» from August 2, 2022]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/856-2022-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian]
15. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny «Deyaki zakhody z formuvannya fondiv zhytla, pryznachenoho dlya tymchasovoho prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib» vid 29 kvitnya 2022 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «Some measures for the formation of housing funds intended for temporary residence of internally displaced persons» from April 29, 2022]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/495-2022-%D0%BF#n16 [in Ukrainian]
16. Zakon Ukrayiny «Pro zhytlovyy fond sotsialʹnoho pryznachennya» vid 12 sichnya 2006 roku [Law of Ukraine «On social housing stock» from January 12, 2006]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3334-15#Text [in Ukrainian]
17. Postanova Kabinet Ministriv Ukrayiny «Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku kompensatsiyi vytrat za tymchasove rozmishchennya (perebuvannya) vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib» vid 19 bereznya 2022 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «On approval of the Procedure for compensation of costs for temporary accommodation (stay) of internally displaced persons» from March 19, 2022]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/333-2022-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian]
18. Zakon Ukrayiny «Pro kompensatsiyu za poshkodzhennya ta znyshchennya okremykh katehoriy obʺyektiv nerukhomoho mayna vnaslidok boyovykh diy, terorystychnykh aktiv, dyversiy, sprychynenykh zbroynoyu ahresiyeyu Rosiysʹkoyi Federatsiyi proty Ukrayiny, ta Derzhavnyy reyestr mayna, poshkodzhenoho ta znyshchenoho vnaslidok boyovykh diy, terorystychnykh aktiv, dyversiy, sprychynenykh zbroynoyu ahresiyeyu Rosiysʹkoyi Federatsiyi proty Ukrayiny» vid 23 lyutoho 2023 roku [The Law of Ukraine «On compensation for damage and destruction of certain categories of immovable property as a result of hostilities, acts of terrorism, sabotage caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, and the State Register of Property Damaged and Destroyed as a result of hostilities, acts of terrorism, sabotage, caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine» from February 23, 2023] Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2923-20#Text [in Ukrainian]
2. Ponad $54 mlrd – zbytky zhytlovoho fondu Ukrayiny vnaslidok povnomasshtabnoyi viyny na kinetsʹ travnya 2023 roku [Over $54 billion – damage to the housing stock of Ukraine as a result of a fullscale war by the end of May 2023]. Retrieved from: https://kse.ua/ua/about-the-school/news/ponad-54-mlrd-zbitki-zhitlovogo-fondu-ukrayini-vnaslidok-povnomasshtabnoyi-viyni-na-kinets-travnya-2023-roku/ [in Ukrainian]
3. Tkachenko, N. (2012). Osoblyvosti rozvytku vitchyznyanoho zhytlovoho ipotechnoho kredytuvannya [The Peculiarities of the development of domestic housing mortgage lending]. Problemy i perspektyvy rozvytku bankivsʹkoyi systemy Ukrayiny: zb. nauk. pratsʹ / Derzhavnyy vyshchyy navchalʹnyy zaklad «Ukrayinsʹka akademiya bankivsʹkoyi spravy Natsionalʹnoho banku Ukrayiny». Sumy. 2012. T. 34. S. 292-302. – Problems and prospects of development of the banking system of Ukraine: coll. of science works / State higher educational institution «Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine». Sumy. 2012. Vol. 34. P. 292-302. Retrieved from: https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/bitstream-download/123456789/57664/5/Tkachenko_Osoblyvosti_rozvytku.pdf;jsessionid=1B2052F85EDD3C7A45D59249A9D0CC0B [in Ukrainian]
4. Guba, M., Guba, O. (2018). Suchasnyy stan ipotechnoho kredytuvannya v Ukrayini [The current state of mortgage lending in Ukraine]. Elektronne naukove fakhove vydannya z ekonomichnykh nauk «Modern Economics», №8. S. 55-62. – Electronic scientific publication on economic sciences «Modern Economics», No. 8. P. 55-62. Retrieved from: https://modecon.mnau.edu.ua/the-currentstate-of-mortgage-lending-in-ukraine/ [in Ukrainian]
5. Sudarenko, O. (2010). Pravove rehulyuvannya kredytuvannya budivnytstva zhytla za prohramoyu «Dostupne zhytlo» [The Legal regulation of lending for housing construction under the «Affordable Housing» program]. Chasopys Kyyivsʹkoho universytetu prava. 2010/2. – Journal of the Kyiv University of Law. 2010/2. Retrieved from: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/23539/37-Sudarenko.pdf?sequence=1 [in Ukrainian]
6. Avramova, O. YE (2021). Teoretychni zasady pryvatno-pravovoho rehulyuvannya zhytlovykh vidnosyn v Ukrayini: monohrafiya. [Avramova, O. E. Theoretical principles of private law regulation of residential relations in Ukraine: monograph.] Ternopilʹ: ZUNU. [in Ukrainian]
7. Birchall, D. (2022) Reconstructing state obligations to protect and fulfil socio-economic rights in an era of marketization. International and Comparative Law Quarterly. Open Access. Volume 71, Issue 1, Pages 227-2431. Retrieved from: Scopus – Document details – RECONSTRUCTING STATE OBLIGATIONS TO PROTECT AND FULFIL SOCIO-ECONOMIC RIGHTS IN AN ERA OF MARKETISATION | Signed in [in English]
8. Strydom, J., Viljoen, S.-M. (2014). Unlawful occupation of inner-city buildings: A constitutional analysis of the rights and obligations involved. Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 17(4), pp. 1206–1261. Retrieved from: Scopus – Document details – Unlawful occupation of innercity buildings: A constitutional analysis of the rights and obligations involved | Signed in [in English]
9. Veliyev, F., Redkin, O. (2022). The Main Directions of the Solution of the Problems of Providing the Houses at Affordable Prices in the Azerbaijan Republic by Effective Project Management of Housing Construction. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Volume 181, Pages 407 – 4132022 3rd International Conference on Building Innovations, ICBI 2020. Poltava.1 June 2020through. 2 June 2020. Retrieved from: Scopus – Document details – The Main Directions of the Solution of the Problems of Providing the Houses at Affordable Prices in the Azerbaijan Republic by Effective Project Management of Housing Construction | Signed in [in English]
10. Moreno, H.S. (2020) Housing cooperatives on assignment of use: A real alternative to homeownership and tenancy in Spain? REVESCO Revista de Estudios Cooperativos. Open AccessVolume 13423 June 2020. Retrieved from: Scopus – Document details – Housing cooperatives on assignment of use: A real alternative to homeownership and tenancy in Spain? | Signed in [in English]
11. U Vorzeli buduyutʹ modulʹne mistechko dlya pereselentsiv [A modular town for immigrants is being built in Vorzel]. Retrieved from: https://big.informator.ua/uk/2023/05/16/u-vorzeli-buduyut-modulne-mistechko-dlya-pereselencziv/ [in Ukrainian]
12. Kredyt dlya vpo za rakhunok hrantovykh koshtiv uryadu Nimechchyny, shcho nadayutʹsya cherez bank rozvytku KfW [A credit for internally displaced persons at the expense of grant funds of the German government, provided through the KfW development bank]. Retrieved from: https://www.molod-kredit.gov.ua/zhytlovi-prohramy/kredyt-dlia-vpo-kfw [in Ukrainian]
13. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny «Pytannya nadannya pilʹhovykh ipotechnykh kredytiv vnutrishn ʹo peremishchenym osobam za rakhunok koshtiv hrantu, nadanykh Kredytnoyu ustanovoyu dlya vidbudovy (KfW)» vid 28 kvitnya 2021 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «Issue of providing preferential mortgage loans to internally displaced persons at the expense of grant funds provided by the Credit Institution for Reconstruction (KfW)» from April 28, 2021]. Retrieved from: https://www.molod-kredit.gov.ua/zhytlovi-prohramy/kredyt-dlia-vpo-kfw [in Ukrainian]
14. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny «Deyaki pytannya zabezpechennya pryvatnym aktsionernym tovarystvom «Ukrayinsʹka finansova zhytlova kompaniya» dostupnoho ipotechnoho kredytuvannya hromadyan Ukrayiny» vid 02 serpnya 2022 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «Some issues of providing affordable mortgage lending to citizens of Ukraine by the private joint-stock company «Ukrainian Financial Housing Company» from August 2, 2022]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/856-2022-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian]
15. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny «Deyaki zakhody z formuvannya fondiv zhytla, pryznachenoho dlya tymchasovoho prozhyvannya vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib» vid 29 kvitnya 2022 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «Some measures for the formation of housing funds intended for temporary residence of internally displaced persons» from April 29, 2022]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/495-2022-%D0%BF#n16 [in Ukrainian]
16. Zakon Ukrayiny «Pro zhytlovyy fond sotsialʹnoho pryznachennya» vid 12 sichnya 2006 roku [Law of Ukraine «On social housing stock» from January 12, 2006]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3334-15#Text [in Ukrainian]
17. Postanova Kabinet Ministriv Ukrayiny «Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku kompensatsiyi vytrat za tymchasove rozmishchennya (perebuvannya) vnutrishnʹo peremishchenykh osib» vid 19 bereznya 2022 roku [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «On approval of the Procedure for compensation of costs for temporary accommodation (stay) of internally displaced persons» from March 19, 2022]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/333-2022-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian]
18. Zakon Ukrayiny «Pro kompensatsiyu za poshkodzhennya ta znyshchennya okremykh katehoriy obʺyektiv nerukhomoho mayna vnaslidok boyovykh diy, terorystychnykh aktiv, dyversiy, sprychynenykh zbroynoyu ahresiyeyu Rosiysʹkoyi Federatsiyi proty Ukrayiny, ta Derzhavnyy reyestr mayna, poshkodzhenoho ta znyshchenoho vnaslidok boyovykh diy, terorystychnykh aktiv, dyversiy, sprychynenykh zbroynoyu ahresiyeyu Rosiysʹkoyi Federatsiyi proty Ukrayiny» vid 23 lyutoho 2023 roku [The Law of Ukraine «On compensation for damage and destruction of certain categories of immovable property as a result of hostilities, acts of terrorism, sabotage caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, and the State Register of Property Damaged and Destroyed as a result of hostilities, acts of terrorism, sabotage, caused by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine» from February 23, 2023] Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2923-20#Text [in Ukrainian]