ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE SPERMOGRAM INDICATORS OF MEN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS WITH ASTENOZOOSPERMIA, TERATOZOOSPERMIA AND AZOOSPERMIA

Abstract

In recent decades, a decline in male fertility due to deterioration in sperm quality has been noted around the world. This is probably explained by the tendency to increase the diseases of the male genital organs and, as a result, the increase in the percentage of male infertility. In addition, there is a deterioration of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of spermograms in practically healthy men. The average number of sperm in the ejaculate of a healthy man has halved over the past 50 years, and the average volume of ejaculate has decreased by one third. It is known that the multicomponent composition of the internal male genital organs is in constant restructuring due to age changes, functional activity and the influence of various factors. That is why it is important to take into account both physiological and age-related changes in a man's ability to conceive. Diagnosis of male infertility includes clinical research methods and methods of laboratory-instrumental examination. Among the latter, the most important for finding out the functional state of the gonads and the fertilizing ability of sperm is the study of ejaculate. The object of our research was spermograms obtained during the examination of patients at the "Alternative Clinic" reproductive medicine clinic. The purpose of the work was using biometric analysis to the different indicators of men spermograms of younger, middle and older age groups with normozoospermia (N), asthenozoospermia (AZS), teratozoospermia (T) and azoospermia (A). The task of the research was to analyze the main indicators of spermograms of men of different age groups in normal and pathological conditions, to conduct a one-factor and two-factor variance analysis of the influence of the studied diseases and age factor. After analyzing the main indicators of spermograms of men of younger, middle and older age groups with asthenozoospermia, azoospermia, and teratozoospermia, it was established that the indicators that undergo the greatest deviations in the studied diseases are the mobility of spermatozoa according to categories A and B, the morphology of spermatozoa, the Farris fertility index, and the activity of spermatozoa. After conducting a one-factor variance analysis, we established that the share of the influence of the studied diseases on the overall variability of such indicators of spermograms as the mobility of spermatozoa according to category A and B and the morphology of spermatozoa in the spermograms of men of the studied age groups is within 63–98% of the total contribution (younger age group), 60–96% (middle age group) and 75–96% (older age group). The share of influence of unaccounted factors is within 2–40% of the total contribution. The share of the influence of the studied diseases in the overall variability of such indicators as the Farris index and sperm activity in the spermograms of men of all studied groups is significantly reduced and is within 22–44% of the total contribution. Instead, the influence of unaccounted factors (56–78% of the total contribution) is growing significantly. This may indicate the presence of concomitant diseases and other pathologies in the men who took part in the research. After conducting a two-factor variance analysis, we established that the shares of the influence of the studied diseases on the overall variability of such indicators of spermograms as motility of spermatozoa according to category A and B, morphology of spermatozoa, Farris fertility index and activity of spermatozoa are decisive and are within the range of 90.7–99.9% of the total contribution, the share of the influence of the age factor on the variability of spermogram indicators of men of different age groups is insignificant.