PROBLEMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF FORESTRY ENTERPRISES IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD IN UKRAINE

Abstract

Climatic problems, the state of the natural environment, military actions are the main problems of today, which directly affect the ecological and economic safety and, as a result, the sustainable development of forestry enterprises. Theoretical, methodical and practical principles of ensuring ecological and economic safety of forest enterprises are the subject of the research. The aggravation of the ecological situation in Ukraine requires the development of modern mechanisms of regulation of ecological and economic safety in accordance with the principles of ecologically safe economic development. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research are the basic theoretical regulations of domestic and foreign economic science on the issues of economic and ecological safety of forest enterprises, laws of Ukraine, EU directives. The research was conducted on the basis of general scientific methods and techniques: logical and qualitative analysis and synthesis – when substantiating theoretical approaches to ensuring ecological and economic safety; system structural analysis – when analyzing the current state of sustainability of forestry enterprises; comparative analysis – when comparing the state of ecosystems during military operations. When analyzing the sustainability of forest enterprises, the methods of integrating the approaches of the economic and ecological apparatus, the general theory of development, and the methods of economic and ecological analysis were used. In the process of synthesizing the multi-link economic-ecological system, the methods of the theory of multi-link management systems were used. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the peculiarities of the mechanism of ensuring ecological and economic security of the functioning of forestry enterprises in the post-war period in the context of the European policy of the green course on the following thematic platforms – the need to ensure ecological and economic security, economic integration and rapprochement, adaptation to climate change. The realization of the goal determined the solution of the scientific research tasks: to substantiate the need for ecological and economic security, to analyze the trends of the implementation of the new EU forest strategy in the direction of the reform of the country's forest sector, to prove the feasibility of the algorithm of the mechanism for ensuring the ecological and economic security of forestry enterprises. Results. According to the results of the research it is proved that today the general model of multipurpose use of forest resources should cover the problem of the ratio of the available and desired state of resources. This ratio should determine the nature and scale of the problem, which is manifested in ensuring ecological and economic security in accordance with ecologically oriented principles. The components of the specified ratio will have different scales of complexity, some of which are complex tasks. Environmental and economic security of a forest enterprise is a state of protection from negative environmental influences, as it is achieved with sufficient potential for its stability, self-identity, integrity, flexibility and adaptability. Conclusions. Ecological and economic safety has become an integral part of sustainable development of the economy, the need to ensure ecological and economic safety is a key element of economic activity of enterprises. Taking into account today's realities, the mechanisms of functioning of ecological and economic security are determined, which are aimed at maintaining the balance between its structural elements and the implementation of both anthropogenic and natural loads on them. In this way it is possible to ensure stable development, achieve the set goals, achieve the desired results without harming the environment, preserve the natural resources and the assimilation potential of the forest ecosystem. Therefore, the focus on the new forest strategy of the EU is a step towards an effective and sustainable economy, intensifying efforts to adapt to climate change and mitigate the consequences of military actions, as well as solving environmental problems in the forest sector.