ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY IN LOGISTICS: A SUSTAINABLE DRIVING MODEL TO REDUCE EMISSIONS

Abstract

In leading countries around the world, sustainable driving (eco-driving) is used as a tool, method, or strategy for achieving environmental efficiency in transport and logistics. The development of the concept of eco-driving is driven by stricter environmental regulations at the national level and the need for companies to reduce energy consumption costs and comply with environmental requirements. The purpose of the article was to clarify the concept and idea of sustainable driving, the model of sustainable driving as a way to achieve environmental efficiency in logistics, taking into account the Ukrainian experience. The study uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis to combine qualitative and quantitative data that characterize trends in achieving environmental logistics efficiency as a result of integrating the sustainable driving model. The article clarifies the concept of sustainable driving as a tool for achieving fuel economy as a result of changes in driver behaviour on different types of routes, adjusting speed, choosing a route depending on weather conditions and other determinants of fuel use or behavioural determinants that ultimately affect the reduction of carbon emissions into the atmosphere. The study identifies the main concepts of sustainable driving: economic effects from reduced fuel consumption and fuel costs, social effects as a result of behavioural factors and changes in driver behaviour on routes, and additional environmental effects from reduced carbon emissions as a result of reduced fossil fuel consumption. Based on an analysis of Ukrainian practice, the main drivers and constraints for the development of eco-driving have been identified, which are related to the growth of the electric vehicle market as a result of rising fuel prices, improvements in the technical characteristics of electric vehicles, the low quality of the country's transport network, which requires the development of efficient logistics and route optimization, and the introduction of mandatory environmental standards for the registration of new cars. Ukrainian practice in achieving environmental efficiency in logistics demonstrates compliance with global trends in the implementation of the eco-driving model.