THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY DIGITALIZATION

Abstract

Purpose of the article The purpose of this study is to develop and theoretically substantiate a comprehensive mechanism for the digitalization of the national economy that integrates key scientific approaches and modern technological drivers to ensure stable economic growth and social adaptability under conditions of martial law and subsequent post-war recovery. The author aims to systematize the economic effects of implementing digital technologies and to demonstrate the priority of the institutional approach as a foundation for forming the state's digital resilience during periods of extreme uncertainty. Research methodology The methodological framework of the study is based on a systemic analysis of the evolution of scientific thought in the field of digital transformations. The work utilizes a comparative analysis of major theoretical schools: the theory of the information society and network logic (M. Castells), the concept of Industry 4.0 (K. Schwab), institutional theory (E. Brynjolfsson), the platform economy paradigm (M. Cusumano), and the theory of digital capital (N. Srnicek). To visualize and structure the interconnections between theories and technologies, the method of graphical modeling (Fig. 1) and a tabular method of data systematization were applied. Particular attention is paid to adapting global theoretical developments to the specific conditions of Ukraine, taking into account the factors of military aggression. Results As a result of the study, a multi-level digitalization mechanism (macro-, meso-, and micro-levels) was developed, functioning as an adaptive ecosystem. It is proven that under wartime conditions, the institutional approach becomes dominant, as it allows for the realization of the "state as a service" (GovTech) concept and ensures the survival of state institutions through the migration of registries to the "cloud". It is established that network structures are more resilient to targeted strikes compared to hierarchical ones, as they enable businesses to promptly restore logistics chains through horizontal linkages. A correlation is established between specific technological drivers (AI, Blockchain, IoT, Big Data, Cloud Computing) and the corresponding theoretical schools, ensuring the practical implementation of scientific concepts. Practical implications The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of applying the proposed mechanism to optimize public administration and support the real sector of the economy during crises. The implementation of digital monitoring tools based on blockchain and Big Data ensures transparency in the distribution of international aid and reconstruction funding, which is critical for budget replenishment. The work substantiates the effectiveness of using digital platforms (such as "Diia") for the rapid disbursement of aid to IDPs and the registration of damaged property. In the agro-industrial complex, the use of Industry 4.0 drivers (drones, satellites) allows for resource savings of up to 20–30%, directly impacting national security. Value/Originality The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of a non-linear digitalization mechanism where, according to the principle of element interchangeability, the weakness of one driver (e.g., technical connectivity) is compensated by a high level of digital capital (the qualification of specialists). For the first time, the digitalization of the national economy is interpreted not as a "convenience bonus" but as a fundamental "technology of survival" under martial law. The proposed integration of theoretical approaches into a single system creates a solid foundation for long-term strategic planning and countering global and regional crises.